Journal Article memristors neuromorphic computing 2D van der Waals crystals DRAM Editorial IGZO Schmidt-like flip-flop biorealistic synaptic plasticity black phosphorus conductance drift diffusive dynamics eligibility trace ferroelectric α-In2Se3 hierarchical architectures high speed in-sensor computing ionic gating metamaterials microfluidics multi-bit nonvolatile nonvolatile logic optic pattern recognition optofluidics phase change memory reinforcement learning reservoir computing rhenium disulfide ternary content-addressable memory