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|a Moritz, Verena
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|a Le sort des prisonniers de guerre, notamment des prisonniers français, dans la monarchie austro-hongroise (1914-1918)
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|c 2014
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|a Cette contribution donne une vue d’ensemble des principaux champs de recherche sur la situation des prisonniers de guerre : les conditions de vie dans les camps, les campagnes de propagande, le travail obligatoire, le rapatriement. Il s’agit de montrer la contradiction entre la politique officielle de la monarchie concernant les prisonniers de guerre et la terrible réalité. Tous durent suppléer au manque de main-d’œuvre à partir de 1916. Des milliers d’entre eux sont morts : épidémies, épuisement, sous-alimentation. Peu après leur capture, les prisonniers furent confrontés à une nouvelle dimension de leur situation : le travail obligatoire. La majorité fut envoyée dans l’arrière-pays pour des travaux divers, mais aussi derrière les lignes de front ou dans les zones de combat. L’article montre également l’influence de la Révolution russe de 1917 sur le destin des prisonniers. Une parenthèse s’ouvre sur la situation des prisonniers français détenus par la monarchie habsbourgeoise en 1914-1918.
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|a This article offers an overview of the central fields of research concerning prisoners of war (POWs) in the Habsburg Empire during the First World War, including conditions in the camps, propaganda campaigns, forced labour, and repatriation. It also shows the discrepancy between the principles of the Austro-Hungarian authorities relating to POW politics and an often harsh reality. All POWs were affected by the supply shortages which began in 1916. Thousands of POWs died from disease, exhaustion and undernourishment. In addition, soon after their capture, POWs faced a novel dimension in the realm of captivity : forced labour. Most prisoners were employed in various work projects, some in the hinterland, others behind the frontlines, and some even in combat zones. The article also illustrates how the Russian revolution of 1917 had its effect on the fate of POWs in the Habsburg Monarchy. It ends with a short excursus into the situation specific to the French who were held captive by the Habsburg monarchy in this period.
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|t Guerres mondiales et conflits contemporains
|d Paris : PUF, 1987
|g 2(2014), 254 vom: 14. Mai, Seite 71-86
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