Biohybrid Variable-Stiffness Soft Actuators that Self-Create Bone

Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:	Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.). - 1998. - 34(2022), 8 vom: 28. Feb., Seite e2107345
1. Verfasser:	Cao, Danfeng (VerfasserIn)
Weitere Verfasser:	Martinez, Jose G, Hara, Emilio Satoshi, Jager, Edwin W H
Format:	Online-Aufsatz
Sprache:	English
Veröffentlicht:	2022
Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk:	Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
Schlagworte:	Journal Article actuators biohybrids mineralization variable stiffness Polymers Pyrroles

Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:	© 2022 The Authors. Advanced Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. Inspired by the dynamic process of initial bone development, in which a soft tissue turns into a solid load-bearing structure, the fabrication, optimization, and characterization of bioinduced variable-stiffness actuators that can morph in various shapes and change their properties from soft to rigid are hereby presented. Bilayer devices are prepared by combining the electromechanically active properties of polypyrrole with the compliant behavior of alginate gels that are uniquely functionalized with cell-derived plasma membrane nanofragments (PMNFs), previously shown to mineralize within 2 days, which promotes the mineralization in the gel layer to achieve the soft to stiff change by growing their own bone. The mineralized actuator shows an evident frozen state compared to the movement before mineralization. Next, patterned devices show programmed directional and fixated morphing. These variable-stiffness devices can wrap around and, after the PMNF-induced mineralization in and on the gel layer, adhere and integrate onto bone tissue. The developed biohybrid variable-stiffness actuators can be used in soft (micro-)robotics and as potential tools for bone repair or bone tissue engineering
Beschreibung:	Date Completed 31.03.2022 Date Revised 01.04.2022 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE
ISSN:	1521-4095
DOI:	10.1002/adma.202107345