Diagnostic performance of routine electrophoresis and immunofixation for the detection of immunoglobulin paraproteins (M-Proteins) in dogs with multiple myeloma and related disorders Part 1 - Current performance

Diagnostic performance of routine electrophoresis and immunofixation for the detection of immunoglobulin paraproteins (M-Proteins) in dogs with multiple myeloma and related disorders : Part 1 - Current performance

© 2021 American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology.

Détails bibliographiques
Publié dans:Veterinary clinical pathology. - 1975. - 50(2021), 2 vom: 03. Juni, Seite 240-248
Auteur principal: Moore, A Russell (Auteur)
Autres auteurs: Harris, R Adam, Jeffries, Christina, Ashton, Laura, Avery, Paul R
Format: Article en ligne
Langue:English
Publié: 2021
Accès à la collection:Veterinary clinical pathology
Sujets:Journal Article Canis lupis familiaris Ehrlichia biclonal gammopathy canine immunotyping monoclonal gammopathy Paraproteins
Description
Résumé:© 2021 American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology.
BACKGROUND: Routine electrophoresis [agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE) and capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE)] and species-specific immunofixation (IF) can be used alone or in combination to detect immunoglobulin paraprotein (M-protein) and diagnose secretory myeloma-related disorders (sMRD)
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the performance of AGE, CZE, CZE plus IF (CZE-IF), and AGE plus IF (AGE-IF) for detecting canine serum M-proteins
METHODS: One hundred canine cases that had AGE, CZE, and routine IF performed on serum, and where B-cell lineage neoplasia (such as B-cell lymphoma and plasma cell tumors) had been diagnosed or excluded, were evaluated. Routine IF protocols targeted IgG-FC, IgA, and IgM heavy chains and light chains. IgG4 IF and free light chain IF were also performed. B-cell lineage neoplasms with an M-protein detected, using any available method, were classified as sMRD. Datasets from AGE, CZE, IF, CZE-IF, and AGE-IF (electrophoretograms, gel images, and fraction concentrations) were composed and reviewed. The sensitivity, specificity, and Youden's index for M-protein detection were determined for each dataset
RESULTS: The combination of AGE-IF or CZE-IF was more sensitive (82.9%) than CZE alone (72.0%) or AGE alone (64.6%) and more specific (66.1%, 48.3%, 51.7%, respectively). Immunofixation could be used alone to detect M-proteins (sensitivity 82.9%, specificity 61.9%), but there were technical challenges that complicated the performance and evaluation of the test. Myeloma with free light chains only was found in 5/41 cases of sMRD
CONCLUSIONS: Adding routine IF to routine electrophoresis increases the ability to accurately identify M-proteins; however, there is still room for further diagnostic performance improvements
Description:Date Completed 30.08.2021
Date Revised 30.08.2021
published: Print-Electronic
Citation Status MEDLINE
ISSN:1939-165X
DOI:10.1111/vcp.12993