Chronic innate immune activation as a cause of HIV-1 immunopathogenesis
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection causes progressive impairment of the immune system in humans, characterized by depletion of CD4 T cells and loss of T cell function. Increased markers of T cell activation and lymphoid hyperplasia suggest that chronic T cell activation persists in immun...
| Veröffentlicht in: | Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.). - 1999. - 126(2008), 3 vom: 01. März, Seite 235-42 |
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| Format: | Aufsatz |
| Sprache: | English |
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2008
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| Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk: | Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) |
| Schlagworte: | Journal Article Review |
| Zusammenfassung: | Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection causes progressive impairment of the immune system in humans, characterized by depletion of CD4 T cells and loss of T cell function. Increased markers of T cell activation and lymphoid hyperplasia suggest that chronic T cell activation persists in immunocompromised hosts, and contributes to the exhaustion of immune functions. Here we propose a revision of this hypothesis, in which we suggest that chronic activation of innate immunity may negatively affect adaptive T cell-mediated responses. We hypothesize that constant exposure of the effector cells of innate immunity to HIV results in their chronic hyperactivation, with deleterious effects on T cells. In particular, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) may be highly susceptible to HIV-induced activation due to its interaction with the cellular receptor CD4, expressed by pDC. Subsequent production of type I interferon and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase may exert suppressive and cytotoxic effects on T cells |
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| Beschreibung: | Date Completed 02.04.2008 Date Revised 18.03.2022 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1521-7035 |