Journal Article 3D substrates Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't aerogels carbon nanotubes charge transfer chemical vapor deposition chirality conjugated microporous polymers etching foams freeze drying high-throughput in situ observation microscopic dimensions nanotube arrays oil/water separation optical imaging optical microscopy organic semiconductors parallel aligned array on surfaces perovskite solar cells single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) sorption stability statistical structure information structure control superhydrophobicity surface passivation