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|a L’histoire des HarkisL’ouverture des archives permet d’écrire l’histoire des formations supplétives qui ont renforcé l’armée française pendant la guerre d’Algérie : harkis, moghzanis, groupes mobiles de sécurité, autodéfenses. Recrutés d’abord avec prudence en raison des actions terroristes du Front de libération nationale (FLN), ils atteignent un maximum de 120 000 volontaires armés et sont progressivement démobilisés à partir de l’été 1961 jusqu’au cessez-le-feu du 19 mars 1962. Incités à regagner leurs villages, 60 à 80 000 d’entre eux seront massacrés par le FLN au cours de l’été 1962. Environ 15 000 seulement seront « rapatriés », – 90 000 avec les familles –, que les politiques, faute de continuité et de moyens, n’ont pas réussi à totalement intégrer dans la communauté française.
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|a L’histoire des HarkisThe opening of the archives makes it possible to write the history of the units which reinforced the French Army during the Algerian War : Harkis, Moghzanis, mobile security groups, protective forces. Recruited at first with discretion on account of the terrorist actions of the FLN, these armed volunteers attain a maximum strength of 120,000 before they are gradually demobilized from summer 1961 to the ceasefire of 19 March 1962. Urged to return to their villages, 60,000-80,000 of then will be massacred by the FLN in the summer of 1962. Only some 15,000 of them (or 90,000 with their dependents included) will be brought to France.
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