Comprehensive Strategies for Mitigating Microplastic Pollution : From Detection to Remediation

© 2025 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Détails bibliographiques
Publié dans:Global change biology. - 1999. - 31(2025), 10 vom: 06. Okt., Seite e70526
Auteur principal: Amulya, Kumari (Auteur)
Autres auteurs: Verma, Preeti, Sheikh, Zaheer Ud Din, Devi, Anjali, Singh, Anita, Pathania, Deepak, Mehta, Pankaj, Bhat, Mudassir Ahmad
Format: Article en ligne
Langue:English
Publié: 2025
Accès à la collection:Global change biology
Sujets:Journal Article Review adsorption advanced oxidation processes biodegradation distribution filtration microplastics sampling Microplastics Water Pollutants, Chemical
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520 |a Microplastics (MPs) are persistent contaminants with serious environmental and human health consequences. This review examines the origins, distribution, and impacts of MPs on ecosystems, human health, and climate change. MPs are harmful contaminants prevalent everywhere, from wastewater treatment plants to polar regions, where a concentration as high as 1300-4800 particles per m3 has been detected. In addition to advanced microscopy, methods such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy-techniques that analyze the molecular composition of materials-are widely employed to detect MPs. Once MPs are detected and characterized using these techniques, the next critical step involves their remediation from the environment. Based on the type of MPs, physical, chemical, or biological methods have been used for the remediation of MPs from the environment. Physical methods such as filtration and adsorption are simple and inexpensive, achieving over 99% removal of MPs in laboratory tests; however, these methods are only trap and immobilize the MPs, requiring additional steps for complete remediation. Chemical methods such as advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) and electrocoagulation are highly effective, capable of removing 80% of MPs but requiring a high energy input. Biological remediation techniques such as biodegradation appear to be a sustainable approach for mitigating MPs, with some species of Aspergillus capable of degrading over 94% of MPs, although it is still being investigated in the field. Even after significant advancements, challenges such as the fragmentation of MPs into nanoplastics and the release of by-products in the environment persist. Emerging solutions-such as bioengineered enzymes, which could prevent the fragmentation of MPs into nanoplastics, biosensors for rapid detection to reduce by-product release, and genetic modification of microorganisms designed for targeted degradation-offer promising directions to overcome current limitations. The development of standard detection methods and large-scale remediation measures is a key to alleviating the detrimental effects of MP pollution 
650 4 |a Journal Article 
650 4 |a Review 
650 4 |a adsorption 
650 4 |a advanced oxidation processes 
650 4 |a biodegradation 
650 4 |a distribution 
650 4 |a filtration 
650 4 |a microplastics 
650 4 |a sampling 
650 7 |a Microplastics  |2 NLM 
650 7 |a Water Pollutants, Chemical  |2 NLM 
700 1 |a Verma, Preeti  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Sheikh, Zaheer Ud Din  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Devi, Anjali  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Singh, Anita  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Pathania, Deepak  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Mehta, Pankaj  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Bhat, Mudassir Ahmad  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
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773 1 8 |g volume:31  |g year:2025  |g number:10  |g day:06  |g month:10  |g pages:e70526 
856 4 0 |u http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70526  |3 Volltext 
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