Numerical simulation of the residence time distribution dynamics of a restored agricultural wetland under varying environmental conditions

© 2025 The Authors This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (CC BY-NC 4.0), which permits copying, adaptation and redistribution for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work is properly cited (http://creativecommons.org/license...

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Publié dans:Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research. - 1986. - 91(2025), 7 vom: 11. Apr., Seite 827-849
Auteur principal: Green, David (Auteur)
Autres auteurs: Crumpton, William
Format: Article en ligne
Langue:English
Publié: 2025
Accès à la collection:Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research
Sujets:Journal Article agricultural wetlands mixing numerical modeling residence time distributions restored wetlands wind forcing
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520 |a © 2025 The Authors This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (CC BY-NC 4.0), which permits copying, adaptation and redistribution for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work is properly cited (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). 
520 |a This work demonstrates the development, calibration, and use of the three-dimensional Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code (EFDC) hydrodynamic and mass transport model to simulate mixing patterns and study the environmental controls on the residence time distributions of a 1.3 ha agricultural wetland in central Iowa. Incorporating time-varying flow boundary conditions and atmospheric forcing, the model was calibrated against observed state variables, including water temperatures, basin hydraulic characteristics, and dye concentrations monitored at the outlet for six tracer studies conducted under varying flow and atmospheric conditions when submersed aquatic vegetation was mostly absent from the basin. EFDC reasonably reproduced observed basin internal hydraulics, temperatures, and mass transport dynamics, with mean absolute relative errors ranging from 0.02 to 16.3%. Sensitivity analyses suggest that wind shear exerts the greatest control on the modeled, and by extension observed, RTD for this system, primarily affecting measures of short-circuiting and, to a lesser degree, basin-wide mixing, particularly in the absence of atmospheric thermal forcing. Thermal forcing was found to significantly influence short-circuiting and mixing during warmer periods, with this effect being highly influenced by wind. Transient flows nominally influenced most RTD characteristics, save for mean and median residence times 
650 4 |a Journal Article 
650 4 |a agricultural wetlands 
650 4 |a mixing 
650 4 |a numerical modeling 
650 4 |a residence time distributions 
650 4 |a restored wetlands 
650 4 |a wind forcing 
700 1 |a Crumpton, William  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
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