Co-pyrolysis of polypropylene and spent Li-ion battery cathodes A combined metallurgy approach to recover valuable metals

Co-pyrolysis of polypropylene and spent Li-ion battery cathodes : A combined metallurgy approach to recover valuable metals

Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Waste management (New York, N.Y.). - 1999. - 195(2025) vom: 15. März, Seite 69-78
1. Verfasser: Kumar, Ankush (VerfasserIn)
Weitere Verfasser: Seethamraju, Srinivas, Ramadesigan, Venkatasailanathan
Format: Online-Aufsatz
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: 2025
Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk:Waste management (New York, N.Y.)
Schlagworte:Journal Article Combined metallurgy Critical metal recovery Lithium-ion batteries NMC cathode Recycling Sustainability Polypropylenes Lithium 9FN79X2M3F Metals
Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Recycling spent lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) is crucial for the sustainable usage of critical raw materials present in the cathode. The combined metallurgy process is gaining significant attention in achieving this goal. The process includes thermal reduction followed by an environmentally friendly leaching process. In this work, the technological feasibility of a co-pyrolysis method is investigated for the recovery of Li2CO3 and transition metals from Li1-xNiyMnzCo1-y-zO2 (NMC) based cathode black mass (CBM) obtained from spent LiBs. We analyze the performance of polypropylene as a reducing agent during co-pyrolysis at 500 - 650 °C to reduce NMC. During co-pyrolysis, the reductive gases (H2 and CH4) generated from polypropylene reduce NMC at 550 - 650 °C into Ni-Co, MnO, and Li2CO3. However, an additional product, NiO and spinel NMC, appeared in co-pyrolyzed CBM at 500 °C. The magnetic fraction of the co-pyrolysis product was separated by water leaching, and then the leach solution was dried to recover Li2CO3. The lithium leaching efficiency achieved from the cathode black mass of NMC batteries is 92.80 ± 3.22 wt%. A liquid fuel obtained as a by-product of co-pyrolysis has a gross calorific value of 48 MJ/kg. The process promotes sustainability by efficiently reducing NMC at lower temperatures and producing a liquid by-product for fuel applications
Beschreibung:Date Completed 04.05.2025
Date Revised 04.05.2025
published: Print-Electronic
Citation Status MEDLINE
ISSN:1879-2456
DOI:10.1016/j.wasman.2025.01.037