Modulating phase segregation during spin-casting of fullerene-based polymer solar-cell thin films upon minor addition of a high-boiling co-solvent
© Kuan-Hsun Lu et al. 2024.
| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of applied crystallography. - 1998. - 57(2024), Pt 6 vom: 01. Dez., Seite 1871-1883 |
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| 1. Verfasser: | |
| Weitere Verfasser: | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Online-Aufsatz |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
2024
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| Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk: | Journal of applied crystallography |
| Schlagworte: | Journal Article GISAXS GIWAXS X-ray reflectivity additive effects grazing-incidence small/wide-angle X-ray scattering neutron reflectivity polymer solar cells spinodal decomposition |
| Zusammenfassung: | © Kuan-Hsun Lu et al. 2024. The impact of additives on the nanoscale structures of spin-cast polymer composite films, particularly in polymer solar cells, is a topic of significant interest. This study focuses on the blend film comprising poly(thieno[3,4-b]thio-phene-alt-benzodi-thio-phene) (PTB7) and [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM), exploring how additives like 1,8-di-iodo-octane (DIO) influence the film structures spin-cast from chloro-benzene solution. Combined results of specular X-ray and neutron reflectivity, grazing-incidence small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS and GIWAXS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicate that DIO could significantly enhance the dispersion of PC71BM and reduce composition inhomogeneity in the film. Time-resolved GISAXS-GIWAXS with 100 ms resolution further captures a rapid spinodal decomposition of the mixture within 1 s in the constant-evaporation stage of spin-casting. Further combined with parallel analysis of time-resolved UV-Vis reflectance, these findings reveal that DIO mitigates the spinodal decomposition process by accelerating solvent evaporation, which, in turn, decelerates phase segregation, leading to a nucleation-driven process. These observations provide mechanistic insights into the role of additives in controlling the nanostructural evolution of spin-cast films by altering the kinetics of solvent evaporation and phase separation during the spin-coating process |
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| Beschreibung: | Date Revised 05.12.2024 published: Electronic-eCollection Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 0021-8898 |
| DOI: | 10.1107/S1600576724010082 |