The Hydraulic Evolution of Groundwater-Fed Pit Lakes After Mine Closure

© 2024 The Author(s). Groundwater published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of National Ground Water Association.

Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Ground water. - 1979. - 62(2024), 6 vom: 01. Nov., Seite 889-903
1. Verfasser: Moser, Birte (VerfasserIn)
Weitere Verfasser: Cook, Peter G, Miller, Anthony D, Dogramaci, Shawan, Wallis, Ilka
Format: Online-Aufsatz
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: 2024
Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk:Ground water
Schlagworte:Journal Article
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520 |a Open pit mining frequently requires regional water tables to be lowered to access ore deposits. When mines close, dewatering ceases allowing the water table to recover. In arid and semi-arid mining regions, the developing pit lakes are predominantly fed by groundwater during this recovery phase and pit lakes develop first into "terminal sinks" for the surrounding groundwater system. With time, the re-establishment of regional hydraulic gradients can cause pit lakes to develop into throughflow systems, in which pit lake water outflows into adjacent aquifers. In this study, we use numerical groundwater modeling to aid process understanding of how regional hydraulic gradients, aquifer properties, net evaporation rates, and pit geometry determine the hydraulic evolution of groundwater-fed pit lakes. We find that before the recovery of the regional water table to its new equilibrium, pit lakes frequently transition to throughflow systems. Throughflow from pit lakes to downstream aquifers can develop within two decades following cessation of dewatering even under low hydraulic gradients (e.g., 5 × 10-4) or high net evaporation rates (e.g., 2.5 m/year). Pit lakes remain terminal sinks only under suitable combinations of high evaporation rates, low hydraulic gradients, and low hydraulic conductivities. In addition, we develop an approximate analytical solution for a rapid assessment of the hydraulic status of pit lakes under steady-state conditions. Understanding whether pit lakes remain terminal sinks or transition into throughflow systems largely determines the long-term water quality of pit lakes and downstream aquifers. This knowledge is fundamental for mine closure and planning post-mining land use 
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700 1 |a Cook, Peter G  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Miller, Anthony D  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Dogramaci, Shawan  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Wallis, Ilka  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
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