A study on recovery strategies of graphite from mixed lithium-ion battery chemistries using froth flotation
Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
| Veröffentlicht in: | Waste management (New York, N.Y.). - 1999. - 180(2024) vom: 15. Apr., Seite 96-105 |
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| Weitere Verfasser: | , , |
| Format: | Online-Aufsatz |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
2024
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| Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk: | Waste management (New York, N.Y.) |
| Schlagworte: | Journal Article Battery Recycling Direct recyccling Froth flotation Graphite LTO NMC811 Lithium 9FN79X2M3F 7782-42-5 |
| Zusammenfassung: | Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. The growing electric vehicle industry has increased the demand for raw materials used in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), raising concerns about material availability. Froth flotation has gained attention as a LIB recycling method, allowing the recovery of low value materials while preserving the chemical integrity of electrode materials. Furthermore, as new battery chemistries such as lithium titanate (LTO) are introduced into the market, strategies to treat mixed battery streams are needed. In this work, laboratory-scale flotation separation experiments were conducted on two model black mass samples: i) a mixture containing a single cathode (i.e., NMC811) and two anode species (i.e., LTO and graphite), simulating a mixed feedstock prior to hydrometallurgical treatment; and ii) a graphite-TiO2 mixture to reflect the expected products after leaching. The results indicate that graphite can be recovered with > 98 % grade from NMC811-LTO-graphite mixtures. Additionally, it was found that flotation kinetics are dependent on the electrode particle species present in the suspension. In contrast, the flotation of graphite from TiO2 resulted in a low grade product (<96 %) attributed to the significant entrainment of ultrafine TiO2 particles. These results suggest that flotation of graphite should be preferably carried out before hydrometallurgical treatment of black mass |
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| Beschreibung: | Date Completed 15.04.2024 Date Revised 15.04.2024 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1879-2456 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.03.032 |