Cytochrome c levels affect the TOR pathway to regulate growth and metabolism under energy-deficient conditions
© 2024 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2024 New Phytologist Foundation.
| Publié dans: | The New phytologist. - 1979. - 241(2024), 5 vom: 08. März, Seite 2039-2058 |
|---|---|
| Auteur principal: | |
| Autres auteurs: | , , , , , |
| Format: | Article en ligne |
| Langue: | English |
| Publié: |
2024
|
| Accès à la collection: | The New phytologist |
| Sujets: | Journal Article Arabidopsis thaliana cytochrome c energy deficiency mitochondria starvation target of rapamycin Cytochromes c 9007-43-6 Sirolimus plus... |
| Résumé: | © 2024 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2024 New Phytologist Foundation. Mitochondrial function is essential for plant growth, but the mechanisms involved in adjusting growth and metabolism to changes in mitochondrial energy production are not fully understood. We studied plants with reduced expression of CYTC-1, one of two genes encoding the respiratory chain component cytochrome c (CYTc) in Arabidopsis, to understand how mitochondria communicate their status to coordinate metabolism and growth. Plants with CYTc deficiency show decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and lower ATP content, even when carbon sources are present. They also exhibit higher free amino acid content, induced autophagy, and increased resistance to nutritional stress caused by prolonged darkness, similar to plants with triggered starvation signals. CYTc deficiency affects target of rapamycin (TOR)-pathway activation, reducing S6 kinase (S6K) and RPS6A phosphorylation, as well as total S6K protein levels due to increased protein degradation via proteasome and autophagy. TOR overexpression restores growth and other parameters affected in cytc-1 mutants, even if mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP levels remain low. We propose that CYTc-deficient plants coordinate their metabolism and energy availability by reducing TOR-pathway activation as a preventive signal to adjust growth in anticipation of energy exhaustion, thus providing a mechanism by which changes in mitochondrial activity are transduced to the rest of the cell |
|---|---|
| Description: | Date Completed 09.02.2024 Date Revised 09.02.2024 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1469-8137 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/nph.19506 |