Death caps (Amanita phalloides) frequently establish from sexual spores, but individuals can grow large and live for more than a decade in invaded forests

Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:	The New phytologist. - 1979. - 242(2024), 4 vom: 11. Apr., Seite 1753-1770
1. Verfasser:	Golan, Jacob (VerfasserIn)
Weitere Verfasser:	Wang, Yen-Wen, Adams, Catharine A, Cross, Hugh, Elmore, Holly, Gardes, Monique, Gonçalves, Susana C, Hess, Jaqueline, Richard, Franck, Wolfe, Benjamin, Pringle, Anne
Format:	Online-Aufsatz
Sprache:	English
Veröffentlicht:	2024
Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk:	The New phytologist
Schlagworte:	Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't biodiversity fungi invasion biology life history mushroom mutualisms population genomics spore

Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:	© 2023 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2023 New Phytologist Foundation. Global change is reshaping Earth's biodiversity, but the changing distributions of nonpathogenic fungi remain largely undocumented, as do mechanisms enabling invasions. The ectomycorrhizal Amanita phalloides is native to Europe and invasive in North America. Using population genetics and genomics, we sought to describe the life history traits of this successfully invading symbiotic fungus. To test whether death caps spread underground using hyphae, or aboveground using sexual spores, we mapped and genotyped mushrooms from European and US sites. Larger genetic individuals (genets) would suggest spread mediated by vegetative growth, while many small genets would suggest dispersal mediated by spores. To test whether genets are ephemeral or persistent, we also sampled from populations over time. At nearly every site and across all time points, mushrooms resolve into small genets. Individuals frequently establish from sexual spores. But at one Californian site, a single individual measuring nearly 10 m across dominated. At two Californian sites, the same genetic individuals were discovered in 2004, 2014, and 2015, suggesting single individuals (both large and small) can reproduce repeatedly over relatively long timescales. A flexible life history strategy combining both mycelial growth and spore dispersal appears to underpin the invasion of this deadly perennial ectomycorrhizal fungus
Beschreibung:	Date Completed 25.04.2024 Date Revised 25.04.2024 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE
ISSN:	1469-8137
DOI:	10.1111/nph.19483