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|a 10.1094/PDIS-05-23-0927-PDN
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|a eng
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|a Liu, Yinlong
|e verfasserin
|4 aut
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|a First report of Aloe root and stem rot caused by Phytophthora palmivora in Yunnan Province, China
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|c 2023
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|a Text
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|a ƒaComputermedien
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|a ƒa Online-Ressource
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|a Date Revised 13.06.2023
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|a published: Print-Electronic
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|a Citation Status Publisher
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|a Aloe genus plants are perennial evergreen herb belonging to Liliaceae family which is widely used in food, medicine, beauty, and health care (Kumar et al. 2019). In August 2021, symptoms of root and stem rot was observed in approximately 20% of Aloe vera plantings in Yuanjiang County, Yunnan Province, China (23° 64' 53" N, 101° 99' 84" E). The most typical symptoms were stem and root rot, browning and necrosis of vascular tissues, gradual greening, and reddish-browning of leaves from bottom to top, abscission, and eventual plant death (Fig. S1). Therefore, to isolate and identify the pathogen, the plants showing the above symptoms were collected. The plant tissues were cut from the edges of root and stem lesions, followed by disinfection with 75% ethanol for 1 min, rinsed three times with sterilized distilled water, and cut into 3 × 3 mm small squares after excision of marginal tissues. The tissues were transferred to the oomycetes selective medium (Liu et al. 2022) and incubated at 28 °C in the dark for 3~5 days, and suspected colonies were purified. The colonies were then inoculated onto potato dextrose agar (PDA), V8-juice agar (V8), and oatmeal agar (OA) medium plates for morphological characteristics. Finally, 18 isolates with the same colonial and morphological characteristics were obtained from 30 lesioned tissue and one of them was named as ARP1. On PDA, V8 and OA medium plates, the ARP1 colonies were white. On PDA plate, the mycelia were dense and the colonies were petal-like; on V8 plate, the mycelia were cashmere and the colonies were radial or star-like. Whereas, on OA plate, the mycelia were cotton-like and the colonies were fluffy and radial (Fig. S2 A~C). Mycelium did not have septum with high branching and swelling. Sporangia were abundant, semi-papillate, varying in shape from ovoid-ellipsoid to long-ellipsoid, 18-26 × 45-63 μm (average: 22 × 54 μm, n = 30), sporangia released numerous zoospores from the papillate after maturation. The chlamydospores were spherical, 20-35 μm in diameter (average: 27.5 μm, n = 30) (Fig. S2 D~F). These morphological features were like those of the pathogenic species of the oomycetes (Chen et al. 2022). For the molecular characterization, the genomic DNA of the isolate was extracted using the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide method, and the translation elongation factor 1α (tef-1α) (Stielow et al. 2015), β-tubulin (β-tub) (Kroon et al. 2004) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) (White et al. 1990) of isolated strain ARP1 were amplified using primer pairs EF1-1018F/EF1-1620R, TUBUF2/TUBUR1 and ITS1/ITS4, respectively. The tef-1α, β-tub genes and ITS region of ARP1 were directly sequenced and their sequence information was deposited in GenBank under accession numbers OQ506129, OQ506127 and OQ449628. ARP1 was clustered on the same evolutionary branch with Phytophthora palmivora (Fig. S3). To confirm the pathogenicity of ARP1, the main root of A. vera was wounded to 1 cm long and 2 mm deep with a scalpel blade followed by inoculation with 50 ml suspension of ARP1 zoospores at a concentration of 1 × 106 spores / ml per potted plant, and an equal volume of water as control. All inoculated plants were placed in the greenhouse at 28°C, 12 h / 12 h light / dark. After 15 dpi, the inoculated plants showed typical symptoms of wilted and drooping leaves and stem and root rot, same as observed in the field condition (Fig. S4). After inoculation with ARP1, a strain with the same morphological and molecular characteristics as the original isolate was re-isolated, confirming Koch's postulates. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. palmivora causing root and stem rot of A. vera in the study region. This disease could be a potential risk for aloe production and therefore appropriate management measures should be taken
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|a Journal Article
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|a Causal Agent
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|a Crop Type
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|a Oomycetes
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|a Ornamentals
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|a Pathogen detection
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|a Subject Areas
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| 650 |
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|a herbaceous/flowering plants
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|a Ahmed, Ayesha
|e verfasserin
|4 aut
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|a Munir, Shahzad
|e verfasserin
|4 aut
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| 700 |
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|a He, Pengfei
|e verfasserin
|4 aut
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| 700 |
1 |
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|a He, Peng-Bo
|e verfasserin
|4 aut
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| 700 |
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|a Wu, Yixin
|e verfasserin
|4 aut
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| 700 |
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|a Tang, Ping
|e verfasserin
|4 aut
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| 700 |
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|a Wang, Zaiqiang
|e verfasserin
|4 aut
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| 700 |
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|a Kong, Bao Hua
|e verfasserin
|4 aut
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| 700 |
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|a He, Yueqiu
|e verfasserin
|4 aut
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| 773 |
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|g (2023) vom: 13. Juni
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|u http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-23-0927-PDN
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