Post-secretory synthesis of a natural analog of iron-gall ink in the black nectar of Melianthus spp

© 2023 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2023 New Phytologist Foundation.

Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:The New phytologist. - 1979. - 239(2023), 5 vom: 21. Sept., Seite 2026-2040
1. Verfasser: Magner, Evin T (VerfasserIn)
Weitere Verfasser: Roy, Rahul, Freund Saxhaug, Katrina, Zambre, Amod, Bruns, Kaitlyn, Snell-Rood, Emilie C, Hampton, Marshall, Hegeman, Adrian D, Carter, Clay J
Format: Online-Aufsatz
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: 2023
Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk:The New phytologist
Schlagworte:Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ellagic acid gallic acid iron iron-gall ink nectar nectaries nectary pollinator mehr... Plant Nectar Ellagic Acid 19YRN3ZS9P Ferric Compounds Peroxidases EC 1.11.1.-
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245 1 0 |a Post-secretory synthesis of a natural analog of iron-gall ink in the black nectar of Melianthus spp 
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500 |a CommentIn: New Phytol. 2023 Sep;239(5):1542-1544. - PMID 37301992 
500 |a Citation Status MEDLINE 
520 |a © 2023 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2023 New Phytologist Foundation. 
520 |a The black nectar produced by Melianthus flowers is thought to serve as a visual attractant to bird pollinators, but the chemical identity and synthesis of the black pigment are unknown. A combination of analytical biochemistry, transcriptomics, proteomics, and enzyme assays was used to identify the pigment that gives Melianthus nectar its black color and how it is synthesized. Visual modeling of pollinators was also used to infer a potential function of the black coloration. High concentrations of ellagic acid and iron give the nectar its dark black color, which can be recapitulated through synthetic solutions containing only ellagic acid and iron(iii). The nectar also contains a peroxidase that oxidizes gallic acid to form ellagic acid. In vitro reactions containing the nectar peroxidase, gallic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and iron(iii) fully recreate the black color of the nectar. Visual modeling indicates that the black color is highly conspicuous to avian pollinators within the context of the flower. Melianthus nectar contains a natural analog of iron-gall ink, which humans have used since at least medieval times. This pigment is derived from an ellagic acid-Fe complex synthesized in the nectar and is likely involved in the attraction of passerine pollinators endemic to southern Africa 
650 4 |a Journal Article 
650 4 |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 
650 4 |a ellagic acid 
650 4 |a gallic acid 
650 4 |a iron 
650 4 |a iron-gall ink 
650 4 |a nectar 
650 4 |a nectaries 
650 4 |a nectary 
650 4 |a pollinator 
650 7 |a Plant Nectar  |2 NLM 
650 7 |a Ellagic Acid  |2 NLM 
650 7 |a 19YRN3ZS9P  |2 NLM 
650 7 |a Ferric Compounds  |2 NLM 
650 7 |a Peroxidases  |2 NLM 
650 7 |a EC 1.11.1.-  |2 NLM 
700 1 |a Roy, Rahul  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Freund Saxhaug, Katrina  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Zambre, Amod  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Bruns, Kaitlyn  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Snell-Rood, Emilie C  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Hampton, Marshall  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Hegeman, Adrian D  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Carter, Clay J  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
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