An integrated belowground trait-based understanding of nitrogen-driven plant diversity loss
© 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
| Veröffentlicht in: | Global change biology. - 1999. - 28(2022), 11 vom: 25. Juni, Seite 3651-3664 |
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| Weitere Verfasser: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Online-Aufsatz |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
2022
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| Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk: | Global change biology |
| Schlagworte: | Journal Article N deposition belowground trait competitive exclusion environmental tolerance grassland ecosystem plant diversity loss rhizosphere microhabitat Soil Nitrogen |
| Zusammenfassung: | © 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Belowground plant traits play important roles in plant diversity loss driven by atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition. However, the way N enrichment shapes plant microhabitats by patterning belowground traits and finally determines aboveground responses is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the rhizosheath trait of 74 plant species in seven N-addition simulation experiments across multiple grassland ecosystems in China. We found that rhizosheath formation differed among plant functional groups and contributed to changes in plant community composition induced by N enrichment. Compared with forb species, grass and sedge species exhibited distinct rhizosheaths; moreover, grasses and sedges expanded their rhizosheaths with increasing N-addition rate which allowed them to colonize belowground habitats. Grasses also shaped a different microenvironment around their roots compared with forbs by affecting the physicochemical, biological, and stress-avoiding properties of their rhizosphere soil. Rhizosheaths act as a "biofilm-like shield" by the accumulation of protective compounds, carboxylic anions and polysaccharides, determined by both plants and microorganisms. This enhanced the tolerance of grasses and sedges to stresses induced by N enrichment. Conversely, forbs lacked the protective rhizosheaths which renders their roots sensitive to stresses induced by N enrichment, thus contributing to their disappearance under N-enriched conditions. This study uncovers the processes by which belowground facilitation and trait matching affect aboveground responses under conditions of N enrichment, which advances our mechanistic understanding of the contribution of competitive exclusion and environmental tolerance to plant diversity loss caused by N deposition |
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| Beschreibung: | Date Completed 03.05.2022 Date Revised 14.05.2022 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1365-2486 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/gcb.16147 |