Left shift and toxic change in heterophils and neutrophils of non-mammalian vertebrates : A comparative review, image atlas, and practical considerations
© 2022 American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology.
| Veröffentlicht in: | Veterinary clinical pathology. - 1975. - 51(2022), 1 vom: 24. März, Seite 18-44 |
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| 1. Verfasser: | |
| Weitere Verfasser: | , , , , , |
| Format: | Online-Aufsatz |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
2022
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| Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk: | Veterinary clinical pathology |
| Schlagworte: | Comparative Study Journal Article Review amphibian avian elasmobranch fish hematology inflammation non-domestic species |
| Zusammenfassung: | © 2022 American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology. Heterophils and neutrophils are important first cellular responders to inflammatory conditions. In addition to quantitative shifts in the numbers of these cells in blood, inflammatory disease states often have accompanying increases in immature precursor stages (left shift) and/or evidence of toxic change on blood film evaluation. Recognition of left shift and toxic change morphologies is a salient diagnostic finding with clinical relevance across species. The objectives of this report are to (a) review heterophil and neutrophil function and structure across the vertebrate animal kingdom, (b) compare morphologic features of left shift and toxic change in heterophils and neutrophils of non-mammalian vertebrates (NMV) to mammals, (c) provide an image guide demonstrating the breadth of morphologic diversity of heterophil and neutrophil lineages in health and disease across taxa, and (d) discuss practical considerations for clinical pathologists and other professionals involved in the recognition and interpretation of observations in the inflammatory leukogram of NMV |
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| Beschreibung: | Date Completed 28.03.2022 Date Revised 31.05.2022 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1939-165X |
| DOI: | 10.1111/vcp.13117 |