Closing the loop : Valorizing pyrolyzed waste tyre residue into functional carbon materials, SiO2 with exceptionally high silanol groups, and Zn salt
Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Veröffentlicht in: | Waste management (New York, N.Y.). - 1999. - 140(2022) vom: 01. März, Seite 110-120 |
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1. Verfasser: | |
Weitere Verfasser: | , , , , |
Format: | Online-Aufsatz |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
2022
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Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk: | Waste management (New York, N.Y.) |
Schlagworte: | Journal Article Functionalization Mineral recovery Porous carbon Pyrolysis Waste management Silanes silanol 079V3J9O3X Carbon mehr... |
Zusammenfassung: | Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. This study aims to identify suitable processing conditions for converting pyrolytic solid residue from off-the-road tyres (OTR) to improve carbon materials properties that can be used in multiple applications and the recovery of minerals from OTR. Pyrolysis of OTR at 800 °C and a heating rate 2 °C.min-1 gave a carbon material with the highest surface area, most defective carbon structures, and the highest micro-porosity. This operating condition was used to compare the conventional three-step carbonization approach, which involves a demineralization stage that produces high volumes of toxic wastewater, with a two-step approach that bypasses this stage. Analysis of the carbon structures showed that the quality of the carbon material from the two-step approach is similar to the three-step approach. This two-step approach resulted in a solid and a liquid phase, in which ∼ 93.4% of Zn was selectively fractionated to the liquid phase. The wastewater from the acid wash of the carbonized OTR was neutralized to recover the SiO2, of which 55.5% was reactive SiO2. The SiO2 was found to have an exceptionally high cross-linking ratio of 5.94, achievable only when SiO2 is reacted with silane groups. The study demonstrated that the engineered carbon material from OTR has a H2 uptake of 1.03 wt% at 77 K and 1.2 bar, and the sulfonated counterpart was an effective catalyst (64% conversion) for the Aldol condensation of levunilic acid to two dimer products [tetrahydro-2- methyl-5,γ-dioxo-2-furanpentanoic acid (TMDFA) and 3-(2-methyl-5-oxo- tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-4-oxopentanoic acid (MOTOA)] that are precursors for fuels and chemicals |
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Beschreibung: | Date Completed 08.02.2022 Date Revised 08.02.2022 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
ISSN: | 1879-2456 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.01.018 |