Electrodegradation of cyclophosphamide in artificial urine by combined methods

The degradation of the chemotherapeutic drug cyclophosphamide in artificial urine was evaluated by Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation Processes (EAOP). The system consisted of an electrochemical flow reactor with a commercial DSA® electrode (nominal composition Ti / Ru0,3Ti0,7O2) and Ti-mesh cathode...

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Veröffentlicht in:Environmental technology. - 1993. - 44(2023), 12 vom: 28. Mai, Seite 1782-1797
1. Verfasser: Tonhela, Marquele Amorim (VerfasserIn)
Weitere Verfasser: Almeida, Maria Emília Veloso, Granato Malpass, Ana Claudia, Motheo, Artur de Jesus, Malpass, Geoffroy Roger Pointer
Format: Online-Aufsatz
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: 2023
Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk:Environmental technology
Schlagworte:Journal Article Active chlorine species advanced electrochemical oxidative processes cyclophosphamide effluent emerging contaminants Creatinine AYI8EX34EU Water Pollutants, Chemical Chlorine mehr... 4R7X1O2820 Urea 8W8T17847W
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520 |a The degradation of the chemotherapeutic drug cyclophosphamide in artificial urine was evaluated by Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation Processes (EAOP). The system consisted of an electrochemical flow reactor with a commercial DSA® electrode (nominal composition Ti / Ru0,3Ti0,7O2) and Ti-mesh cathode. In order to assess the best parameters, the effect of current density, time and flow rate were analyzed using an initial 23 factorial design. The chosen response variable was the energy efficiency to produce free chlorine species (HClO/ClO-). After obtaining the most significant factors, the Central Composite Design (CCD) was performed, where the optimum conditions were determined for the current density range (11.714 mA cm-2 and 66.57 mA cm-2), flow rate (31.33 mL min-1) and time range (19 and 37 min). Under an optimized condition, the efficiency of other combined methods (photo-assisted electrochemical, photochemical, sonoelectrochemical and photo-assisted sonoelectrochemical) was evaluated. The efficiency of degradation processes was determined by removal of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), creatinine and urea. Analysis by HPLC demonstrates that the cyclophosphamide was substantially removed during the treatment process of ∼77%. Based on these results, it can be observed that the coupling between electrochemical and photochemical processes is a promising alternative for the treatment of this effluent, as a marked reduction of organic matter is observed (63, 94% of creatinine, 29.62% of urea, 39.1% of TOC) and a low treatment cost ratio 
650 4 |a Journal Article 
650 4 |a Active chlorine species 
650 4 |a advanced electrochemical oxidative processes 
650 4 |a cyclophosphamide 
650 4 |a effluent 
650 4 |a emerging contaminants 
650 7 |a Creatinine  |2 NLM 
650 7 |a AYI8EX34EU  |2 NLM 
650 7 |a Water Pollutants, Chemical  |2 NLM 
650 7 |a Chlorine  |2 NLM 
650 7 |a 4R7X1O2820  |2 NLM 
650 7 |a Urea  |2 NLM 
650 7 |a 8W8T17847W  |2 NLM 
700 1 |a Almeida, Maria Emília Veloso  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Granato Malpass, Ana Claudia  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Motheo, Artur de Jesus  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Malpass, Geoffroy Roger Pointer  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
773 0 8 |i Enthalten in  |t Environmental technology  |d 1993  |g 44(2023), 12 vom: 28. Mai, Seite 1782-1797  |w (DE-627)NLM098202545  |x 1479-487X  |7 nnns 
773 1 8 |g volume:44  |g year:2023  |g number:12  |g day:28  |g month:05  |g pages:1782-1797 
856 4 0 |u http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2021.2012270  |3 Volltext 
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