Equilibrium between tri- and tetra-coordinate chalcogenuranes is critical for cysteine protease inhibition

© 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Journal of computational chemistry. - 1984. - 42(2021), 17 vom: 30. Juni, Seite 1225-1235
1. Verfasser: Dias-da-Silva, Gabriela (VerfasserIn)
Weitere Verfasser: L O R Cunha, Rodrigo, D Coutinho-Neto, Mauricio
Format: Online-Aufsatz
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: 2021
Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk:Journal of computational chemistry
Schlagworte:Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't density functional theory enzyme inhibitors ligand exchange reactions selenuranes and telluranes Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors Organoselenium Compounds Cysteine Proteases EC 3.4.-
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520 |a There have been significant advances in the biological use of hypervalent selenium and tellurium compounds as cysteine protease inhibitors. However, the full understanding of their reaction mechanisms for and cysteine proteases inhibition is still elusive. Kinetic studies suggest an irreversible inhibition mechanism, which was explained by forming a covalent bond between the enzyme sulfhydryl group and the chalcogen atom at its hypervalent state (+4). In this work, we performed a theoretical investigation using density functional theory to propose the active inhibitor form in an aqueous solution. To this end, we investigated chloride ligand exchange reactions by oxygen and sulfur nucleophiles on hypervalent selenium and tellurium compounds. All tetra- and tri-coordinated chalcogen compounds and distinct protonation states of the nucleophiles were considered, totaling 34 unique species, 7 nucleophiles, and 155 free energies reactions. We discovered that chloride is easily replaced by a nonprotonated nucleophile (SH- or OH- ) in R2 SeCl2 . We also found that tri-coordinate species are more stable than their tetra-coordinate counterparts, with selenoxide (R2 SeO) protonation being strongly exergonic in acid pH. The thermodynamic and kinetic results suggest that the protonated selenoxide (R2 SeOH+ ) is the most probable active chemical species in biological media. The computed energetic profiles paint a possible picture for selenuranes activity, with successive exergonic steps leading to a covalent inhibition of thiol-dependent enzymes, like cysteine proteases. A second pathway has also been uncovered, with a direct reaction to chalcogenonium cation (R2 SeCl+ ) as the inhibition step. Tellurium compounds showed similar trends but formed telluroxide in a pH-independent fashion 
650 4 |a Journal Article 
650 4 |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 
650 4 |a density functional theory 
650 4 |a enzyme inhibitors 
650 4 |a ligand exchange reactions 
650 4 |a selenuranes and telluranes 
650 7 |a Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors  |2 NLM 
650 7 |a Organoselenium Compounds  |2 NLM 
650 7 |a Cysteine Proteases  |2 NLM 
650 7 |a EC 3.4.-  |2 NLM 
700 1 |a L O R Cunha, Rodrigo  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a D Coutinho-Neto, Mauricio  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
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773 1 8 |g volume:42  |g year:2021  |g number:17  |g day:30  |g month:06  |g pages:1225-1235 
856 4 0 |u http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcc.26535  |3 Volltext 
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