Evaluation of single and combined effects of two pharmaceuticals on the marine gastropod Phorcus lineatus enzymatic activity under two different exposure periods
Pharmaceutical drugs are among the most used chemicals for human and veterinary medicines, aquaculture and agriculture. Pharmaceuticals are environmentally persistent, biologically active molecules, thereby having the potential to exert biological effects on non-target species. Among the most used p...
| Veröffentlicht in: | Ecotoxicology (London, England). - 1992. - 30(2021), 4 vom: 08. Mai, Seite 756-765 |
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| Format: | Online-Aufsatz |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
2021
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| Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk: | Ecotoxicology (London, England) |
| Schlagworte: | Journal Article Acetazolamide Carbonic anhydrase Cyclooxygenase Gastropod Salicylic acid Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal Pharmaceutical Preparations O3FX965V0I Salicylic Acid |
| Zusammenfassung: | Pharmaceutical drugs are among the most used chemicals for human and veterinary medicines, aquaculture and agriculture. Pharmaceuticals are environmentally persistent, biologically active molecules, thereby having the potential to exert biological effects on non-target species. Among the most used pharmaceuticals, one may find salicylic acid (SA), a non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that acts by inhibiting the enzymes cyclooxigenases; it is also possible to identify acetazolamide (ACZ), a diuretic that acts by inhibiting the activity of carbonic anhydrase (CA). In this work, the effects of both single and combined effects of these drugs were assessed on the marine gastropod Phorcus lineatus, by measuring key enzymatic activities, namely carbonic anhydrase (CA) and cyclooxygenase (COX), under two different exposure periods (14 and 28 days). We observed no straightforward pattern of enzymatic response in all treatments of both pharmaceuticals, on both analyzed tissues (gut and gills), and for both exposure regimes. We assume that this species is not responsive to the hereby tested pharmaceuticals, a finding that may be due to general mechanisms of response to adverse conditions, such as reduction of metabolism, of heart rate, of filtration rates, and to the increase production of mucus. All these functional adaptations can mitigate the deleterious effects caused by adverse conditions, without triggering biochemical responses. In conclusion, the species P. lineatus seems not to be sensitive in terms of these specific enzymatic pathways to these contaminants, under the adopted conditions |
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| Beschreibung: | Date Completed 23.04.2021 Date Revised 23.04.2021 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1573-3017 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10646-021-02396-4 |