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231225s2019 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c |
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|a 10.1109/TUFFC.2019.2930042
|2 doi
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|a pubmed24n0998.xml
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|a DE-627
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|a eng
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|a Wear, Keith A
|e verfasserin
|4 aut
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|a Directivity and Frequency-Dependent Effective Sensitive Element Size of Membrane Hydrophones
|b Theory Versus Experiment
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|c 2019
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|a Text
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|2 rdacontent
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|a ƒaComputermedien
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|2 rdamedia
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|a ƒa Online-Ressource
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|a Date Completed 04.09.2020
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|a Date Revised 10.01.2021
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|a published: Print-Electronic
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|a Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE
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|a It is important to know hydrophone frequency-dependent effective sensitive element size in order to account for spatial averaging artifacts in acoustic output measurements. Frequency-dependent effective sensitive element size may be obtained from hydrophone directivity measurements. Directivity was measured at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 10 MHz from ±60° in two orthogonal planes for eight membrane hydrophones with nominal geometrical sensitive element radii ( ag ) ranging from 100 to [Formula: see text]. The mean precision of directivity measurements (obtained from four repeated measurements at each frequency and angle) averaged over all frequencies, angles, and hydrophones was 5.8%. Frequency-dependent effective hydrophone sensitive element radii aeff(f) were estimated by fitting the theoretical directional response for a disk receiver to directivity measurements using the sensitive element radius ( a ) as an adjustable parameter. For the eight hydrophones in aggregate, the relative difference between effective and geometrical sensitive element radii, ( aeff - ag)/ag , was fit to C /( kag)n , where k = 2π/λ and λ = wavelength. The functional fit yielded C = 1.89 and n = 1.36 . The root mean square difference between the data and the model was 34%. It was shown that for a given value for ag , [Formula: see text] for membrane hydrophones far exceeds that for needle hydrophones at low frequencies (e.g., < 4 MHz when [Formula: see text]). This empirical model for [Formula: see text] provides information required for the compensation of spatial averaging artifacts in acoustic output measurements and is useful for choosing an appropriate sensitive element size for a given experiment
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|a Journal Article
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|a Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
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|a Baker, Christian
|e verfasserin
|4 aut
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|a Miloro, Piero
|e verfasserin
|4 aut
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|i Enthalten in
|t IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control
|d 1986
|g 66(2019), 11 vom: 26. Nov., Seite 1723-1730
|w (DE-627)NLM098181017
|x 1525-8955
|7 nnns
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| 773 |
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|g volume:66
|g year:2019
|g number:11
|g day:26
|g month:11
|g pages:1723-1730
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|u http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2019.2930042
|3 Volltext
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