Kinetic Stabilization of the Sol-Gel State in Perovskites Enables Facile Processing of High-Efficiency Solar Cells
© 2019 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
| Veröffentlicht in: | Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.). - 1998. - 31(2019), 32 vom: 06. Aug., Seite e1808357 |
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| Weitere Verfasser: | , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Online-Aufsatz |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
2019
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| Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk: | Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) |
| Schlagworte: | Journal Article anti-solvent drip hybrid perovskite solar cells in situ GIWAXS kinetic stabilization mixed-cation mixed-halide perovskites |
| Zusammenfassung: | © 2019 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. Perovskite solar cells increasingly feature mixed-halide mixed-cation compounds (FA1- x - y MAx Csy PbI3- z Brz ) as photovoltaic absorbers, as they enable easier processing and improved stability. Here, the underlying reasons for ease of processing are revealed. It is found that halide and cation engineering leads to a systematic widening of the anti-solvent processing window for the fabrication of high-quality films and efficient solar cells. This window widens from seconds, in the case of single cation/halide systems (e.g., MAPbI3 , FAPbI3 , and FAPbBr3 ), to several minutes for mixed systems. In situ X-ray diffraction studies reveal that the processing window is closely related to the crystallization of the disordered sol-gel and to the number of crystalline byproducts; the processing window therefore depends directly on the precise cation/halide composition. Moreover, anti-solvent dripping is shown to promote the desired perovskite phase with careful formulation. The processing window of perovskite solar cells, as defined by the latest time the anti-solvent drip yields efficient solar cells, broadened with the increasing complexity of cation/halide content. This behavior is ascribed to kinetic stabilization of sol-gel state through cation/halide engineering. This provides guidelines for designing new formulations, aimed at formation of the perovskite phase, ultimately resulting in high-efficiency perovskite solar cells produced with ease and with high reproducibility |
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| Beschreibung: | Date Revised 30.09.2020 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1521-4095 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/adma.201808357 |