Evaluation of Two Disease Warning Systems for Botryosphaeria Panicle and Shoot Blight of California Pistachio and Efficient Control Based on Early-Season Sprays
Two empirical models to predict infection events were evaluated for control of Botryosphaeria panicle and shoot blight, caused by a Fusicoccum sp., as well as the effectiveness of early-season fungicide sprays on the control of this disease of pistachio. A model incorporating wetness duration was su...
| Veröffentlicht in: | Plant disease. - 1997. - 93(2009), 11 vom: 13. Nov., Seite 1175-1181 |
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| 1. Verfasser: | |
| Weitere Verfasser: | , , , |
| Format: | Online-Aufsatz |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
2009
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| Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk: | Plant disease |
| Schlagworte: | Journal Article |
| Zusammenfassung: | Two empirical models to predict infection events were evaluated for control of Botryosphaeria panicle and shoot blight, caused by a Fusicoccum sp., as well as the effectiveness of early-season fungicide sprays on the control of this disease of pistachio. A model incorporating wetness duration was superior to one based solely on duration of rains ≥1 mm/h for ≥4 h and with temperature ≥11°C. The wetness duration threshold (W) for rain events ≥4 mm at a given temperature (T) for high-risk infection events was W = -7.8 + 397/T and the threshold for medium-risk events was W = -6.9 + 220/T. Wet periods interrupted by ≤12 h were added together to calculate W. In two orchards with high levels of inoculum, one high-risk event resulted in 20 to 23% blighted fruit at harvest and two or three high-risk events resulted in 31 to 80% blighted fruit. Latent infections were 0 to 1% in instances where only low-risk events (one to two events) occurred prior to collection of pistachio fruit for determination of latent infections and were 17 to 36% with one to three high-risk events. Early-season fungicide sprays in April to May effectively controlled panicle and shoot blight when applied up to 12 days before predicted infection events or 5 days after |
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| Beschreibung: | Date Revised 20.11.2019 published: Print Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 0191-2917 |
| DOI: | 10.1094/PDIS-93-11-1175 |