Considerations for Choosing Sensitive Element Size for Needle and Fiber-Optic Hydrophones-Part II : Experimental Validation of Spatial Averaging Model
Acoustic pressure can be measured with a hydrophone. Hydrophone measurements can underestimate incident acoustic pressure due to spatial averaging effects across the hydrophone sensitive element. The spatial averaging filter for a nonlinear focused beam is a low-pass filter that decreases monotonica...
| Publié dans: | IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control. - 1986. - 66(2019), 2 vom: 15. Feb., Seite 340-347 |
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| Format: | Article en ligne |
| Langue: | English |
| Publié: |
2019
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| Accès à la collection: | IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control |
| Sujets: | Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. |
| Résumé: | Acoustic pressure can be measured with a hydrophone. Hydrophone measurements can underestimate incident acoustic pressure due to spatial averaging effects across the hydrophone sensitive element. The spatial averaging filter for a nonlinear focused beam is a low-pass filter that decreases monotonically from 1 to 0 as frequency increases from 0 to infinity. Experiments were performed to test an analytic model for the spatial averaging filter. Nonlinear pressure tone bursts were generated by three source transducers with driving frequencies ranging from 2.5 to 6 MHz, diameters ranging from 19 to 64 mm, and focal lengths ranging from 38 to 89 mm. The nonlinear pressure fields were measured using four needle hydrophones with nominal geometrical sensitive element diameters of 200, 400, 600, and [Formula: see text]. The average root-mean-square difference between theoretical and experimental spatial averaging filters was 5.8% ± 2.6% |
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| Description: | Date Completed 03.02.2020 Date Revised 09.01.2021 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1525-8955 |
| DOI: | 10.1109/TUFFC.2018.2886071 |