Characteristics of ammonia emission during thermal drying of lime sludge for co-combustion in cement kilns
Thermal drying was used to reduce sludge moisture content before co-combustion in cement kilns. The characteristics of ammonia (NH3) emission during thermal drying of lime sludge (LS) were investigated in a laboratory-scale tubular dry furnace under different temperature and time conditions. As the...
| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental technology. - 1998. - 36(2015), 1-4 vom: 14. Jan., Seite 226-36 |
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| Weitere Verfasser: | , , , , |
| Format: | Online-Aufsatz |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
2015
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| Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk: | Environmental technology |
| Schlagworte: | Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ammonia emission cement kilns co-combustion lime sludge thermal drying Air Pollutants Calcium Compounds Oxides mehr... |
| Zusammenfassung: | Thermal drying was used to reduce sludge moisture content before co-combustion in cement kilns. The characteristics of ammonia (NH3) emission during thermal drying of lime sludge (LS) were investigated in a laboratory-scale tubular dry furnace under different temperature and time conditions. As the temperature increased, the NH3 concentration increased in the temperature range 100-130°C, decreased in the temperature range 130-220°C and increased rapidly at >220°C. Emission of NH3 also increased as the lime dosage increased and stabilized at lime dosages>5%. In the first 60 min of drying experiments, 55% of the NH3 was released. NH3 accounted for about 67-72% of the change in total nitrogen caused by the release of nitrogen-containing volatile compounds (VCs) from the sludge. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that the main forms of nitrogen in sludge were amides and amines. The addition of lime (CaO) could cause conversion of N-H, N-O or C-N containing compounds to NH3 during the drying process |
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| Beschreibung: | Date Completed 10.09.2015 Date Revised 21.11.2014 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 0959-3330 |
| DOI: | 10.1080/09593330.2014.942705 |