Estrogen nitration kinetics and implications for wastewater treatment
Understanding estrogen-removal mechanisms in wastewater treatment is imperative, as estrogens have environmental effects at trace concentrations. Previous research investigating co-metabolic degradation of 17alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2) by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) revealed that, in batch tes...
| Publié dans: | Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation. - 1998. - 81(2009), 8 vom: 18. Aug., Seite 772-8 |
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| Auteur principal: | |
| Autres auteurs: | , , |
| Format: | Article |
| Langue: | English |
| Publié: |
2009
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| Accès à la collection: | Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation |
| Sujets: | Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Estrogens Nitrites Water Pollutants, Chemical Nitrogen N762921K75 |
| Résumé: | Understanding estrogen-removal mechanisms in wastewater treatment is imperative, as estrogens have environmental effects at trace concentrations. Previous research investigating co-metabolic degradation of 17alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2) by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) revealed that, in batch tests where high nitrite-nitrogen (NO2-N) concentrations occurred as a result of ammonia-nitrogen (NH4-N) oxidation by AOB, an abiotic estrogen nitration reaction actually was occurring--not co-metabolic degradation. This paper addresses nitration kinetics. A first-order abiotic nitration model was developed that predicts nitration of EE2, 17beta-estradiol (E2), and estrone (El) as a function of temperature, pH, estrogen (EE2, E2, and E1), and NO2-N concentration. A contact time of 3.6 to 4.1 days is required for 90% estrogen nitration at 500 mg/L NO2-N and pH 6.4. At 20 degrees C and pH 6.4, the threshold NO2-N concentration for nitration to occur is 9 mg/L; therefore, estrogen nitration is not likely in activated sludge treatment of domestic wastewater, but has potential for high-NH4-N-strength wastewaters |
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| Description: | Date Completed 01.12.2009 Date Revised 23.09.2019 published: Print Citation Status MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1554-7531 |