Establishing an energy balance for crop-based digestion
The paper examines methods for calculating energy surpluses through anaerobic digestion and gives some examples of the practical application of these in crop-based systems. The surplus energy is the balance between that produced as a usable energy source and that used in crop production, conversion...
| Veröffentlicht in: | Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research. - 1986. - 59(2009), 6 vom: 01., Seite 1053-60 |
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| Format: | Online-Aufsatz |
| Sprache: | English |
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2009
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| Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk: | Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research |
| Schlagworte: | Journal Article |
| Zusammenfassung: | The paper examines methods for calculating energy surpluses through anaerobic digestion and gives some examples of the practical application of these in crop-based systems. The surplus energy is the balance between that produced as a usable energy source and that used in crop production, conversion of the biomass into biogas, and conversion of biogas into a usable form: these are the direct energy inputs. The energy balance also takes into account the embedded energy used in the construction of machinery and buildings and for their repair and maintenance: the indirect energy inputs. The area of land available for fuel production is finite and therefore the energy yield is best considered on a per hectare basis. This allows comparison of energy conversion efficiency where the biomass yield for that area may vary depending on a range of inputs, e.g. rate of fertiliser application or irrigation requirements. It also allows direct comparison between different crop species or varieties within a single species. For an accurate energy balance analysis direct and indirect energy requirements have to be established for all the stages in the crop-based energy production cycle |
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| Beschreibung: | Date Completed 15.06.2009 Date Revised 03.04.2009 published: Print Citation Status MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 0273-1223 |
| DOI: | 10.2166/wst.2009.048 |