Effects of illegal harvest of eggs on the population decline of leatherback turtles in Las Baulas Marine National Park, Costa Rica

Within 19 years the nesting population of leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) at Parque Nacional Marino Las Baulas declined from 1500 turtles nesting per year to about 100. We analyzed the effects of fishery bycatch and illegal harvesting (poaching) of eggs on this population. We modeled the...

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Veröffentlicht in:Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology. - 1999. - 22(2008), 5 vom: 01. Okt., Seite 1216-24
1. Verfasser: Tomillo, Pilar Santidrián (VerfasserIn)
Weitere Verfasser: Saba, Vincent S, Piedra, Rotney, Paladino, Frank V, Spotila, James R
Format: Online-Aufsatz
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: 2008
Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk:Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology
Schlagworte:Comparative Study Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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520 |a Within 19 years the nesting population of leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) at Parque Nacional Marino Las Baulas declined from 1500 turtles nesting per year to about 100. We analyzed the effects of fishery bycatch and illegal harvesting (poaching) of eggs on this population. We modeled the population response to different levels of egg harvest (90, 75, 50, and 25%) and the effect of eradicating poaching at different times during the population decline. We compared effects of 90% poaching with those of 20% adult mortality because both of these processes were present in the population at Las Baulas. There was a stepwise decline in number of nesting turtles at all levels of egg harvest. Extirpation times for different levels of poaching ranged from 45 to 282 years. The nesting population declined more slowly and survived longer with 20% adult mortality (146 years) than it did with 90% poaching (45 years). Time that elapsed until poaching stopped determined the average population size at which the population stabilized, ranging from 90 to 420 nesting turtles. Our model predicted that saving clutches lost naturally would restore the population when adult mortality rates were low and would contribute more to population recovery when there were short remigration intervals between nesting seasons and a large proportion of natural loss of clutches. Because the model indicated that poaching was the most important cause of the leatherback decline at Las Baulas, protecting nests on the beach and protecting the beach from development are critical for survival of this population. Nevertheless, the model predicted that current high mortality rates of adults will prevent population recovery. Therefore, protection of the beach habitat and nests must be continued and fishery bycatch must be reduced to save this population 
650 4 |a Comparative Study 
650 4 |a Journal Article 
650 4 |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 
700 1 |a Saba, Vincent S  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Piedra, Rotney  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Paladino, Frank V  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Spotila, James R  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
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