Formation of free cyanide and cyanogen chloride from chloramination of publicly owned treatment works secondary effluent : laboratory study with model compounds
The potential generation of cyanide species in wastewater upon chlorination in the presence of residual ammonia (resulting in chloramine formation) was investigated in experiments with synthetic solutions and publicly owned treatment works (POTW) secondary effluent. This study demonstrated that low...
| Veröffentlicht in: | Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation. - 1998. - 76(2004), 2 vom: 07. März, Seite 113-20 |
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| Weitere Verfasser: | , |
| Format: | Aufsatz |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
2004
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| Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk: | Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation |
| Schlagworte: | Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Chlorine Compounds Cyanides cyanogen chloride 697I61NSA0 Ammonia 7664-41-7 |
| Zusammenfassung: | The potential generation of cyanide species in wastewater upon chlorination in the presence of residual ammonia (resulting in chloramine formation) was investigated in experiments with synthetic solutions and publicly owned treatment works (POTW) secondary effluent. This study demonstrated that low concentrations (approximately 5 to 25 microg/L as cyanide) of cyanogen chloride (CNCI), a highly toxic cyanide species not measured in total or free cyanide analyses, could be detected as a result of chloramination reactions in POTW secondary effluent. The potential for chloramination of nitrogen-bearing organic compounds to yield CNCl and/or free cyanide was demonstrated in experiments with synthetic solutions spiked with selected precursor organics: L-serine, benzene, catechin, and humic acid. The amino acid L-serine yielded the largest concentrations of CNCI upon chloramination. Additionally, detectable cyanide (approximately 10 microg/L) was observed in solutions of L-serine and in POTW secondary effluent that was chloraminated followed by dechlorination to prevent destruction of any free cyanide produced. Thus, chlorination of POTW secondary effluent containing residual ammonia can lead to chloramination of organic compounds and the resulting production of CNCl and free cyanide |
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| Beschreibung: | Date Completed 03.08.2004 Date Revised 22.09.2019 published: Print Citation Status MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 1554-7531 |