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01000caa a22002652 4500 |
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NLM119321777 |
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DE-627 |
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20250203074122.0 |
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231222s2002 xx ||||| 00| ||eng c |
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|a pubmed25n0398.xml
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|a (NLM)12058821
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|a DE-627
|b ger
|c DE-627
|e rakwb
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|a eng
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| 100 |
1 |
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|a Höglund, Caroline
|e verfasserin
|4 aut
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|a Microbial risk assessment of source-separated urine used in agriculture
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|c 2002
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|a Text
|b txt
|2 rdacontent
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|a ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen
|b n
|2 rdamedia
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|a Band
|b nc
|2 rdacarrier
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|a Date Completed 19.11.2002
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|a Date Revised 14.02.2017
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|a published: Print
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|a Citation Status MEDLINE
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|a A screening-level quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) was undertaken for a urine separating sewerage system. Exposures evaluated included the handling of stored and unstored urine as well as consumption of crops fertilised with urine. Faecal cross-contamination was the source of risk and Campylobacter jejuni, Cryptosporidium parvum and rotavirus were the organisms chosen to represent different groups of enteric pathogens. Accidental ingestion of unstored urine implied a high risk (Pinf = 0.56) for infection from rotavirus whereas the risks for infection from bacteria and protozoa were approximately 1:10 000. After six months storage at 20 degrees C the risk for viral infections by accidental ingestion of 1 ml of urine was < 10(-3), the suggested acceptable risk benchmark. Ingestion of crops contaminated with urine resulted in risks of < 10(-5) after a 3-week (<10(-7) after 4 weeks) withholding period between fertilising and harvesting
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|a Journal Article
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|a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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|a Stenström, Thor Axel
|e verfasserin
|4 aut
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| 700 |
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|a Ashbolt, Nicholas
|e verfasserin
|4 aut
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| 773 |
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|i Enthalten in
|t Waste management & research : the journal of the International Solid Wastes and Public Cleansing Association, ISWA
|d 1991
|g 20(2002), 2 vom: 10. Apr., Seite 150-61
|w (DE-627)NLM098164791
|x 0734-242X
|7 nnns
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| 773 |
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|g volume:20
|g year:2002
|g number:2
|g day:10
|g month:04
|g pages:150-61
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|a AR
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|d 20
|j 2002
|e 2
|b 10
|c 04
|h 150-61
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