Activated sludge flocculation : direct determination of the effect of calcium ions
The effect of calcium on activated sludge flocculation dynamics is investigated using a unique experimental technique. The technique allows on-line analysis of the size of activated sludge flocs during flocculation and provides valuable insight into the mechanisms of flocculation. Activated sludge s...
| Veröffentlicht in: | Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research. - 1986. - 43(2001), 11 vom: 01., Seite 75-82 |
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| Format: | Aufsatz |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
2001
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| Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk: | Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research |
| Schlagworte: | Journal Article Cations Sewage Water Pollutants Calcium Chloride M4I0D6VV5M |
| Zusammenfassung: | The effect of calcium on activated sludge flocculation dynamics is investigated using a unique experimental technique. The technique allows on-line analysis of the size of activated sludge flocs during flocculation and provides valuable insight into the mechanisms of flocculation. Activated sludge samples were firstly sonicated for 3 minutes at 50 W and then stirred at 100 rpm. The floc size was subsequently measured on-line using a Malvern Mastersizer/E. For concentrations of calcium less than 4 meq/L no significant increase in final floc size was observed even though an increase in the initial rate of change of floc size could be seen. Addition of calcium greater than 4 meq/L resulted in a dramatic increase in floc size. Results from this investigation support the theory that cations are involved in flocculation through cationic bridging, and will be used in ongoing investigations to model the flocculation process |
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| Beschreibung: | Date Completed 28.12.2001 Date Revised 21.11.2013 published: Print Citation Status MEDLINE |
| ISSN: | 0273-1223 |