Phytosociology and ecology of the high-alpine to subnival scree vegetation of N and NW Iran (Alborz and Azerbaijan Mts.)

Questions: The vegetation of high-alpine and subnival scree habitats in Iranian mountains has been poorly investigated so far despite the large variety of narrowly distributed vascular plant species and the expected vulnerability of these ecosystems to global warming. Which plant communities occupy...

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Veröffentlicht in:Applied Vegetation Science. in. - Opulus Press. - 17(2014), 1, Seite 142-161
1. Verfasser: Noroozi, Jalil (VerfasserIn)
Weitere Verfasser: Willner, Wolfgang, Pauli, Harald, Grabherr, Georg
Format: Online-Aufsatz
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: 2014
Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk:Applied Vegetation Science. in
Schlagworte:Biological sciences Physical sciences Behavioral sciences
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520 |a Questions: The vegetation of high-alpine and subnival scree habitats in Iranian mountains has been poorly investigated so far despite the large variety of narrowly distributed vascular plant species and the expected vulnerability of these ecosystems to global warming. Which plant communities occupy these ecosystems and what is their syntaxonomic position? Which environmental factors determine the species composition of these habitats? Location: Alborz and Azerbaijan Mountains in N and NW Iran. Methods: A total of 141 phytosociological relevés were collected from 3200 to 4800 m a.s.l. This data set was classified using TWINSPAN, and the numerical classification was translated into a syntaxonomic system. Floristic differences between vegetation types were evaluated with detrended correspondence analysis (DCA). We determined the means and SD of measured environmental and vegetation parameters for all associations. Differences in the major environmental parameters among associations and alliances were analysed using ANOVA and post-hoc tests. Moreover, we determined the mean cover percentage of life forms in all associations. Results: All high-alpine and subnival scree communities are arranged in one class (Didymophyso aucheri-Dracocephaletea aucheri), two orders (Physoptychio gnaphalodis-Brometalia tomentosi, Didymophysetalia aucheri), three alliances (Elymo longearistati-Astragalion macrosemii, Erigerontion venusti, Didymophysion aucheri) and ten associations, which are new to science, except for one association. The territory of the class extends from Alborz to NW Iran and probably to E Anatolia, Transcaucasia and the Zagros Mountains. Altitude, aspect and edaphic qualities are the major ecological factors influencing the species composition and vegetation mosaic. Conclusions: Our study introduces a formal syntaxonomic classification of the scree vegetation at high altitudes in Iran, thus providing a scheme for ongoing ecological surveys and monitoring programmes to assess the impacts of climate warming and of human land use on these unique ecosystems. 
540 |a Copyright © 2014 International Association for Vegetation Science 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Biology  |x Botany  |x Plant ecology  |x Vegetation 
650 4 |a Physical sciences  |x Earth sciences  |x Geography  |x Geomorphology  |x Landforms  |x Talus slopes 
650 4 |a Behavioral sciences  |x Human behavior  |x Social behavior  |x Social interaction  |x Cooperation  |x Alliances 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Biology  |x Botany  |x Plants  |x Vascular plants 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Biology  |x Botany  |x Plants 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Ecology  |x Population ecology  |x Synecology  |x Biocenosis  |x Plant communities 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Ecology  |x Ecosystems  |x Biomes  |x Grasslands  |x Alpine grasslands 
650 4 |a Physical sciences  |x Earth sciences  |x Geography  |x Geomorphology  |x Landforms  |x Tectonic landforms  |x Mountains 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Biology  |x Botany  |x Plant ecology  |x Phytosociology 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Biology  |x Botany  |x Plant morphology  |x Plant vegetation  |x Stems  |x Plant spines  |x Vegetation Survey 
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700 1 |a Pauli, Harald  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Grabherr, Georg  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
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