Compelling collective action : Does a shared pollution cap incentivize farmer cooperation to restore water quality?

Decades of voluntary efforts to reduce agricultural nonpoint source pollution have been ineffective at protecting water quality worldwide. While farmer collective action is needed to deal with the geographical extent of diffuse pollution from nutrient runoff, theoretical expectations from commons go...

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Veröffentlicht in:International Journal of the Commons. - International Journal of the Commons, 2007. - 13(2019), 1, Seite 378-399
1. Verfasser: Yoder, Landon (VerfasserIn)
Format: Online-Aufsatz
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: 2019
Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk:International Journal of the Commons
Schlagworte:Environmental studies Biological sciences Physical sciences Behavioral sciences Political science
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520 |a Decades of voluntary efforts to reduce agricultural nonpoint source pollution have been ineffective at protecting water quality worldwide. While farmer collective action is needed to deal with the geographical extent of diffuse pollution from nutrient runoff, theoretical expectations from commons governance research predicts that farmers will not protect water quality since they have few incentives to do so. These different factors indicate that compulsory approaches are needed. However, the commons literature has tended to overlook the constructive roles that government regulation can play. Research on why farmers adopt on-farm conservation measures similarly has failed to explore farmer cooperation, instead focusing mainly on financial motivations of farmers. Yet, some adoption research indicates that social norms are essential factors shaping (non)adoption, but which are largely overlooked by existing agri-environmental policies. This study examines the important gap of how government regulations can incentivise farmer cooperation to improve water quality. I focus on a case study of the Florida Everglades, where farmers face joint liability under a phosphorus pollution cap and which has resulted in improvements in water quality over the past 20 years. Farms’ drainage disrupts the oligotrophic conditions of the Florida Everglades, but water quality has steadily improved since regulations began in 1994. However, the regulations set compliance jointly for farmers, devolving responsibility to ensure sufficient adoption of conservation practices and deal with free riding. While state monitoring shows that collectively farms have improved water quality, we do not know whether participation is widespread or concentrated among a few large farms. This study provides the first analysis of farm-level water quality outcomes for this area and how judicial, legislative, and local institutions interact to encourage farmer cooperation. Results show that a large majority of farms have improved their water quality, demonstrating that collective action has been a key element in the outcome. At the same time, poor-performing farms reveal the shortcomings of joint compliance. I end by discussing the implications of how individual and collective requirements can provide farmers with valuable information while also drawing on farmer social dynamics to encourage greater participation. 
540 |a content is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License 
650 4 |a Environmental studies  |x Environmental quality  |x Water quality 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Agriculture  |x Agricultural sciences  |x Agricultural geography  |x Agricultural land  |x Farmlands  |x Farms  |x Collective farms 
650 4 |a Physical sciences  |x Earth sciences  |x Geography  |x Land  |x Rangelands  |x Wetlands  |x Marshes  |x Everglades 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Agriculture  |x Agricultural management 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Ecology  |x Applied ecology  |x Environmental management  |x Natural resource management  |x Water management 
650 4 |a Behavioral sciences  |x Sociology  |x Human societies  |x Social movements  |x Collective action 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Agriculture  |x Agricultural management  |x Agricultural workers  |x Farmers 
650 4 |a Political science  |x Government  |x Public administration  |x Government regulation 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Agriculture  |x Sustainable agriculture 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Agriculture  |x Agricultural sciences  |x Agricultural geography  |x Agricultural land  |x Farmlands  |x Farms  |x Research articles 
655 4 |a research-article 
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