Multidimensional tree niches in a tropical dry forest

Multidimensional tree niches in a tropical dry forest

The extent to which interspecific niche differences structure plant communities is highly debated, with extreme viewpoints ranging from fine-scaled niche partitioning, where every species in the community is specialized to a distinct niche, to neutrality, where species have no niche or fitness diffe...

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Veröffentlicht in:Ecology. - Duke University Press. - 98(2017), 5, Seite 1334-1348
1. Verfasser: Pulla, Sandeep (VerfasserIn)
Weitere Verfasser: Suresh, Hebbalalu S., Dattaraja, Handanakere S., Sukumar, Raman
Format: Online-Aufsatz
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: 2017
Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk:Ecology
Schlagworte:Biological sciences Physical sciences
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520 |a The extent to which interspecific niche differences structure plant communities is highly debated, with extreme viewpoints ranging from fine-scaled niche partitioning, where every species in the community is specialized to a distinct niche, to neutrality, where species have no niche or fitness differences. However, there exists a default position wherein niches of species in a community are determined by their evolutionary and biogeographic histories, irrespective of other species within the community. According to this viewpoint, a broad range of pair-wise niche overlaps—from completely overlapping to completely distinct—are expected in any community without the need to invoke interspecific interactions. We develop a method that can test for both habitat associations and niche differences along an arbitrary number of spatial and temporal niche dimensions and apply it to a 24-yr data set of the eight dominant woody-plant species (representing 84% and 76% of total community abundance and basal area, respectively) from a 50-ha permanent plot in a southern Indian tropical dry forest, using edaphic, topographic, and precipitation variables as niche axes. Species separated into two broad groups in niche space—one consisting of three canopy species and the other of a canopy species and four understory species—along axes that corresponded mainly to variation in soil P, Al and a topographic index of wetness. Species within groups tended to have significantly greater niche overlap than expected by chance. Community-wide niche overlap in spatial and temporal niche axes was never smaller than expected by chance. Species-habitat associations were neither necessary nor sufficient preconditions for niche differences to be present. Our results suggest that this tropical dry-forest community consists of several tree species with broadly overlapping niches, and where significant niche differences do exist, they are not readily interpretable as evidence for niche differentiation. We argue, based on a survey of the literature, that many of the observed niche differences in tropical forests are more parsimoniously viewed as autecological differences between species that exist independently of interspecific interactions. 
540 |a © 2017 The Ecological Society of America 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Ecology  |x Population ecology  |x Synecology  |x Biocenosis  |x Plant communities  |x Forests  |x Tropical forests 
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650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Ecology  |x Population ecology  |x Synecology 
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650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Ecology  |x Animal ecology  |x Ecological niches  |x Niche differentiation 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Agriculture  |x Agricultural sciences  |x Agronomy  |x Soil science  |x Soils  |x Forest soils 
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700 1 |a Suresh, Hebbalalu S.  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Dattaraja, Handanakere S.  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Sukumar, Raman  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
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