Landscape and environmental controls over leaf and ecosystem carbon dioxide fluxes under woody plant expansion

Landscape and environmental controls over leaf and ecosystem carbon dioxide fluxes under woody plant expansion

1. Many regions of the globe are experiencing a simultaneous change in the dominant plant functional type and regional climatology. We explored how atmospheric temperature and precipitation control leaf- and ecosystem-scale carbon fluxes within a pair of semi-arid shrublands, one upland and one ripa...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of Ecology. - Cambridge University Press, 1913. - 101(2013), 6, Seite 1471-1483
1. Verfasser: Barron-Gafford, Greg A. (VerfasserIn)
Weitere Verfasser: Scott, Russell L., Jenerette, G. Darrel, Hamerlynck, Erik P., Huxman, Travis E.
Format: Online-Aufsatz
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: 2013
Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk:Journal of Ecology
Schlagworte:Biological sciences Physical sciences Environmental studies
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245 1 0 |a Landscape and environmental controls over leaf and ecosystem carbon dioxide fluxes under woody plant expansion 
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520 |a 1. Many regions of the globe are experiencing a simultaneous change in the dominant plant functional type and regional climatology. We explored how atmospheric temperature and precipitation control leaf- and ecosystem-scale carbon fluxes within a pair of semi-arid shrublands, one upland and one riparian, that have undergone woody plant expansion. 2. Through a combination of leaf-level measurements on individual bunchgrasses and mesquites shrubs and ecosystem-scale monitoring using eddy covariance techniques, we sought to quantify rates of net carbon dioxide (CO₂) flux, CO₂ flux temperature sensitivity and the responsiveness of these parameters to seasonal rains and periods of soil dry-down. 3. We found significant differences in physiological acclimation between the two plant functional types, in that the shrubs consistently conducted photosynthesis across a broader temperature range than co-occurring grasses during dry periods, yet maximum photosynthetic rates in grasses were twice that of mesquites during the wetter monsoon season. Landscape position modulated these temperature sensitivities, as the range of functional temperatures and maximum rates of photosynthesis were two to three times greater within the riparian shrubland in dry times. 4. Also, it was unexpected that ecosystem-scale CO₂ uptake within both shrublands would become most temperature sensitive within the monsoon, when mesquites and grasses had their broadest range of function. This is probably explained by the changing contributions of component photosynthetic fluxes, in that the more temperature sensitive grasses, which had higher maximal rates of photosynthesis, became a larger component of the ecosystem flux. 5. Synthesis: Given projections of more variable precipitation and increased temperatures, it is important to understand differences in physiological activity between growth forms, as they are likely to drive patterns of ecosystem-scale CO₂ flux. As access to stable subsurface water declines with decreased precipitation, these differential patterns of temperature sensitivity among growth forms, which are dependent on connectivity to groundwater, will only become more important in determining ecosystem carbon source/sink status. 
540 |a © 2013 British Ecological Society 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Ecology  |x Ecosystems 
650 4 |a Physical sciences  |x Earth sciences  |x Geography  |x Geomorphology  |x Topography  |x Highlands 
650 4 |a Environmental studies  |x Atmospheric sciences  |x Meteorology  |x Atmospheric physics  |x Atmospheric circulation  |x Wind  |x Monsoons 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Biology  |x Botany  |x Plants 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Ecology  |x Plant ecology 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Ecology  |x Aquatic ecology  |x Marine ecology  |x Riparian ecology 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Ecology  |x Human ecology 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Ecology  |x Ecosystems  |x Biomes  |x Shrublands 
650 4 |a Environmental studies  |x Atmospheric sciences  |x Meteorology  |x Hydrometeorology  |x Precipitation 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Biology  |x Botany  |x Plants  |x Grasses  |x Plant-climate interactions 
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700 1 |a Scott, Russell L.  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Jenerette, G. Darrel  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Hamerlynck, Erik P.  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Huxman, Travis E.  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
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773 1 8 |g volume:101  |g year:2013  |g number:6  |g pages:1471-1483 
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952 |d 101  |j 2013  |e 6  |h 1471-1483