New insights into vegetation, climate and fire history of southern Brazil revealed by a 40,000 year environmental record from the State Park Serra do Tabuleiro

New insights into vegetation, climate and fire history of southern Brazil revealed by a 40,000 year environmental record from the State Park Serra do Tabuleiro

The present study reveals palaeoenvironmental changes in the coastal southern Brazilian highlands during the last 39720 B.P., by the means of pollen, charcoal and multivariate data analyses. The isolated mountain range of Serra do Tabuleiro corresponds to the southern distribution limit of many trop...

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Veröffentlicht in:Vegetation History and Archaeobotany. - Springer Science + Business Media. - 22(2013), 4, Seite 299-314
1. Verfasser: Jeske-Pieruschka, Vivian (VerfasserIn)
Weitere Verfasser: Pillar, Valerio D., De Oliveira, Marcelo A. T., Behling, Hermann
Format: Online-Aufsatz
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: 2013
Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk:Vegetation History and Archaeobotany
Schlagworte:Biological sciences Environmental studies Physical sciences Applied sciences
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520 |a The present study reveals palaeoenvironmental changes in the coastal southern Brazilian highlands during the last 39720 B.P., by the means of pollen, charcoal and multivariate data analyses. The isolated mountain range of Serra do Tabuleiro corresponds to the southern distribution limit of many tropical plant species and is therefore sensitive to climate change. Palaeoenvironmental reconstructions from the Ciama 2 core at 860 m a.s.l. indicate that Campos (subtropical grassland) covered extensive areas on the highlands throughout the recorded glacial period, thus suggesting cold and dry climatic conditions. The initial development of the Atlantic rainforest occurred after the glacial period, whereas plant diversity began to increase at the beginning of the Holocene due to climate change towards warmer and wetter conditions. At about 10400 cal. B.P., the Atlantic rainforest started to move over the slopes and Campos retracted. Multivariate data analysis showed a change of vegetation dynamics after 11200 cal. B.P. with the initial development of the Atlantic rainforest continuing until the mid-Holocene. Major vegetation changes, including the further expansion of the Atlantic rainforest and the initial development of the Araucaria forest in the higher regions of the Serra do Tabuleiro, occurred during the late Holocene after about 3600 cal. B.P. These changes reflect higher precipitation levels without an annual dry season. Multivariate data analysis reveals a clearly directional change of vegetation dynamics corresponding to the progressive expansion of the Atlantic rainforest from 3850 to 1600 cal. B.P. A second directional change of vegetation dynamics occurred from 320 to 160 cal. B.P. (A.D. 1630 to 1790) with a further development of the Atlantic rainforest and the partial replacement of Campos by Araucaria forest and Atlantic rainforest. Thereafter, an ecosystem disturbance, which resulted in forest opening, took place. Palaeofires probably did not occur during glacial times, whereas fire events, which were probably caused by Amerindians, were common in the Serra do Tabuleiro region from ca. 10400 until 3600 cal. B.P. 
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650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Biology  |x Botany  |x Palynology  |x Pollen 
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650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Biology  |x Botany  |x Plant ecology  |x Vegetation 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Ecology  |x Population ecology  |x Synecology  |x Biocenosis  |x Plant communities  |x Forests  |x Rain forests 
650 4 |a Environmental studies  |x Environmental sciences  |x Climate change 
650 4 |a Physical sciences  |x Earth sciences  |x Geography  |x Geomorphology  |x Topography  |x Highlands 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Biology  |x Botany  |x Plant ecology  |x Forest ecology  |x Forest ecosystems 
650 4 |a Applied sciences  |x Materials science  |x Materials  |x Carbonaceous materials  |x Charcoal 
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700 1 |a De Oliveira, Marcelo A. T.  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Behling, Hermann  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
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