Validation of Walk Scores and Transit Scores for estimating neighborhood walkability and transit availability: a small-area analysis

Validation of Walk Scores and Transit Scores for estimating neighborhood walkability and transit availability: a small-area analysis

We investigated the validity of Walk Scores and Transit Scores from the Walk Score website using several objective geographic information systems (GIS) measures of neighborhood walkabiltiy and transit availability based on 400- and 800-m street network buffers. Address data come from the 2008 Boston...

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Veröffentlicht in:GeoJournal. - Springer Science + Business Media. - 78(2013), 2, Seite 407-416
1. Verfasser: Duncan, Dustin T. (VerfasserIn)
Weitere Verfasser: Aldstadt, Jared, Whalen, John, Melly, Steven J.
Format: Online-Aufsatz
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: 2013
Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk:GeoJournal
Schlagworte:Social sciences Physical sciences Mathematics Health sciences Applied sciences Biological sciences
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520 |a We investigated the validity of Walk Scores and Transit Scores from the Walk Score website using several objective geographic information systems (GIS) measures of neighborhood walkabiltiy and transit availability based on 400- and 800-m street network buffers. Address data come from the 2008 Boston Youth Survey Geospatial Dataset, a school-based sample of public high school students in Boston, MA with complete residential address information (n = 1,292). GIS data were used to create multiple objective measures of neighborhood walkability and transit availability. We also obtained Walk Scores and Transit Scores. We calculated Spearman correlations of Walk Scores and Transit Scores with the GIS neighborhood walkability/transit availability measures as well as Spearman correlations accounting for spatial autocorrelation. Several significant correlations were observed between Walk Score and 400-m buffer GIS measures of neighborhood walkability; all significant correlations were found for the 800-m buffer. All correlations between Transit Scores and GIS measures of neighborhood transit availability were also significant (all p < 0.0001). However, the magnitude of correlations varied by the GIS measure and neighborhood definition. Relative to the 400-m buffer, correlations for the 800-m buffer were higher. This study suggests that Walk Score is a good, convenient tool to measure certain aspects of neighborhood walkability and transit availability (such as density of retail destinations, density of recreational open space, intersection density, residential density and density of subway stops). However, Walk Score works best at larger spatial scales. 
540 |a © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media 
650 4 |a Social sciences  |x Urban studies  |x Urban environment  |x Walkability 
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650 4 |a Physical sciences  |x Earth sciences  |x Geography  |x Geodesy  |x Cartography  |x Maps 
650 4 |a Applied sciences  |x Engineering  |x Transportation  |x Public transportation  |x Rail transit 
650 4 |a Applied sciences  |x Engineering  |x Civil engineering  |x Infrastructure  |x Transportation infrastructure  |x Pedestrian areas  |x Sidewalks 
650 4 |a Physical sciences  |x Earth sciences  |x Geography 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Biology  |x Physiology  |x System physiology  |x Musculoskeletal physiology  |x Locomotion  |x Walking 
655 4 |a research-article 
700 1 |a Aldstadt, Jared  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Whalen, John  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Melly, Steven J.  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
773 0 8 |i Enthalten in  |t GeoJournal  |d Springer Science + Business Media  |g 78(2013), 2, Seite 407-416  |w (DE-627)312846185  |w (DE-600)2012355-3  |x 15729893  |7 nnns 
773 1 8 |g volume:78  |g year:2013  |g number:2  |g pages:407-416 
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