Quantifying seed dispersal by birds and possums in a lowland New Zealand forest

Abstract Declines in native birds in New Zealand have raised questions about whether seed dispersal limits plant regeneration and whether introduced mammals such as brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) can replace absent native birds. We determined the relative contribution to seed dispersal by...

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:	New Zealand Journal of Ecology. - New Zealand Ecological Society. - 41(2017), 1, Seite 47-55
1. Verfasser:	Wyman, Tarryn E. (VerfasserIn)
Weitere Verfasser:	Kelly, Dave
Format:	Online-Aufsatz
Sprache:	English
Veröffentlicht:	2017
Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk:	New Zealand Journal of Ecology
Schlagworte:	bellbird bird abundance blackbird brushtail possum frugivory germination seed dispersal seed predation silvereye song thrush mehr... Biological sciences Physical sciences Behavioral sciences


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100	1		\|a Wyman, Tarryn E. \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
245	1	0	\|a Quantifying seed dispersal by birds and possums in a lowland New Zealand forest
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520			\|a Abstract Declines in native birds in New Zealand have raised questions about whether seed dispersal limits plant regeneration and whether introduced mammals such as brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) can replace absent native birds. We determined the relative contribution to seed dispersal by birds and possums in native secondary forest at Kowhai Bush, Kaikoura. The number of seeds dispersed per hectare per day by each animal species was determined based on the number of seeds per faecal pellet, the number of faecal pellets per animal per day, and the density of animals per hectare. Five dispersers had many seeds in their faecal samples: bellbirds (Anthornis melanura, mean 11.5 seeds per sample), silvereyes (Zosterops lateralis, 7.0), song thrushes (Turdus philomelos, 8.3), blackbirds (Turdus merula, 15.1) and possums (8.4). However, possums produced half as many faeces per day as birds and were present at lower densities than birds (1 possum, 3 bellbirds, 2.7 silvereyes, 6.4 song thrushes, and 3.2 blackbirds per ha). Consequently, on a per hectare basis, possums dispersed <3% of the total seeds, much less than bellbirds (22%), silvereyes (12%), song thrushes (33%) and blackbirds (30%). Possums also destroyed approximately 15% of seeds found in faeces, reduced the germination of gut-passedCoprosma robustaseed to half of that from bird faeces, and did not swallow fruit any larger (max 7 mm diameter) than those moved by birds. Consequently, possums provided little benefit from seed dispersal.
540			\|a © New Zealand Ecological Society
650		4	\|a bellbird
650		4	\|a bird abundance
650		4	\|a blackbird
650		4	\|a brushtail possum
650		4	\|a frugivory
650		4	\|a germination
650		4	\|a seed dispersal
650		4	\|a seed predation
650		4	\|a silvereye
650		4	\|a song thrush
650		4	\|a Biological sciences \|x Biology \|x Zoology \|x Animals \|x Mammals \|x Marsupials \|x Opossums
650		4	\|a Biological sciences \|x Agriculture \|x Agricultural sciences \|x Horticulture \|x Seed science \|x Seed dispersal
650		4	\|a Biological sciences \|x Biology \|x Developmental biology \|x Growth and development \|x Biological development \|x Plant development \|x Plant reproduction \|x Seeds
650		4	\|a Biological sciences \|x Biology \|x Zoology \|x Animals \|x Birds
650		4	\|a Physical sciences \|x Physics \|x Acoustics \|x Bioacoustics \|x Animal sounds \|x Animal vocalization \|x Bird songs
650		4	\|a Biological sciences \|x Biology \|x Developmental biology \|x Growth and development \|x Biological development \|x Plant development \|x Plant reproduction \|x Fruits
650		4	\|a Biological sciences \|x Biology \|x Botany \|x Plants
650		4	\|a Biological sciences \|x Biology \|x Botany \|x Plant ecology \|x Forest ecology
650		4	\|a Biological sciences \|x Biology \|x Zoology \|x Animals
650		4	\|a Behavioral sciences \|x Ethology \|x Animal behavior \|x Habitat selection \|x Animal nesting \|x Bird nesting
655		4	\|a research-article
700	1		\|a Kelly, Dave \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
773	0	8	\|i Enthalten in \|t New Zealand Journal of Ecology \|d New Zealand Ecological Society \|g 41(2017), 1, Seite 47-55 \|w (DE-627)373323700 \|w (DE-600)2125714-0 \|x 11777788 \|7 nnns
773	1	8	\|g volume:41 \|g year:2017 \|g number:1 \|g pages:47-55
856	4	0	\|u https://www.jstor.org/stable/26198782 \|3 Volltext
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