The Role of Abandoned Channels as Refugia for Sustaining Pioneer Riparian Forest Ecosystems

In disturbance-prone ecosystems, organisms often persist in spatial refugia during stressful periods. A clear example is the colonization of abandoned river channels by pioneer riparian trees. Here, we examine the prominence of this establishment pathway for a foundation tree species (Fremont cotton...

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Veröffentlicht in:Ecosystems. - Springer Science + Business Media. - 14(2011), 5, Seite 776-790
1. Verfasser: Stella, John C. (VerfasserIn)
Weitere Verfasser: Hayden, Maya K., Battles, John J., Piégay, Hervé, Dufour, Simon, Fremier, Alexander K.
Format: Online-Aufsatz
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: 2011
Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk:Ecosystems
Schlagworte:Biological sciences Physical sciences
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100 1 |a Stella, John C.  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
245 1 4 |a The Role of Abandoned Channels as Refugia for Sustaining Pioneer Riparian Forest Ecosystems 
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520 |a In disturbance-prone ecosystems, organisms often persist in spatial refugia during stressful periods. A clear example is the colonization of abandoned river channels by pioneer riparian trees. Here, we examine the prominence of this establishment pathway for a foundation tree species (Fremont cottonwood, Populus fremontii) within the riparian corridor of a large river, the Sacramento River in central California. We quantified the total proportion of forest that initiated as a result of channel abandonment for a 160-km reach, analyzed concurrent patterns of tree establishment with floodplain accretion and sedimentation history, and developed a conceptual model of biogeomorphic evolution of abandoned channels. Historical air photo analysis indicated that stands associated with abandoned channels comprised more than 50% of the total extant cottonwood forest area. Tree-ring evidence showed that cottonwood stands commonly developed immediately following abandonment, and the recruitment window ranged from 4 to 40 years, but was less than 10 years at most sites. Rates of floodplain rise and fine sediment accumulation were high in young sites and decreased logarithmically over time. Together, these results suggest that abandoned channels are an important refuge for cottonwood recruitment, that the greatest opportunity for colonization occurs within a short period after the cutoff event, and that sedimentation processes influence the duration of the colonization window. On rivers where tree recruitment along the active channel is severely limited by hydrologic regulation and/or land management, abandoned channel refugia may play an even more important role in sustaining an ecologically functional riparian corridor. Preserving bank erosion, active meander corridors and forest regeneration zones created by cutoff events are therefore key conservation measures on shifting rivers. 
540 |a © 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Ecology  |x Population ecology  |x Synecology  |x Biocenosis  |x Plant communities  |x Forests  |x Riparian forests 
650 4 |a Physical sciences  |x Earth sciences  |x Geography  |x Geomorphology  |x Landforms  |x Fluvial landforms  |x Alluvial landforms  |x Alluvial plains  |x Floodplains 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Biology  |x Botany  |x Plant ecology  |x Forest ecology  |x Forest ecosystems  |x Forest communities  |x Forest stands 
650 4 |a Physical sciences  |x Earth sciences  |x Geography  |x Geomorphology  |x Landforms  |x Fluvial landforms  |x Fluvial channels 
650 4 |a Physical sciences  |x Earth sciences  |x Hydrology  |x Waterways  |x Natural channels 
650 4 |a Physical sciences  |x Earth sciences  |x Geology  |x Petrology  |x Sedimentary petrology  |x Sediments 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Biology  |x Botany  |x Dendrology  |x Trees 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Ecology  |x Aquatic ecology  |x Marine ecology  |x Riparian ecology 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Biology  |x Biological taxonomies  |x Species  |x Pioneer species 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Biology  |x Botany  |x Plants 
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700 1 |a Hayden, Maya K.  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Battles, John J.  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Piégay, Hervé  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Dufour, Simon  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Fremier, Alexander K.  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
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