Early Holocene Tree Growth at a High Elevation Site in the Northernmost Scandes of Sweden (Lapland): A Palaeobiogeographical Case Study Based on Megafossil Evidence

The paper focuses on early Holocene tree growth and alpine tree-limits in the northernmost Swedish Scandes (Lapland). Megafossil wood remnants in peats and lakes were searched for over a large area at elevations high above the modern tree-limits. Wood of Pinus sylvestris, Betula pubescens ssp. tortu...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:	Geografiska Annaler. Series A, Physical Geography. - Swedish Society for Anthropology and Geography, 1965. - 81(1999), 1, Seite 63-74
1. Verfasser:	Kullman, Leif (VerfasserIn)
Format:	Online-Aufsatz
Sprache:	English
Veröffentlicht:	1999
Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk:	Geografiska Annaler. Series A, Physical Geography
Schlagworte:	Tree-Limit Megafossils Palaeoclimate Holocene Glacial Activity Swedish Scandes Biological sciences Environmental studies Physical sciences


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041			\|a eng
100	1		\|a Kullman, Leif \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
245	1	0	\|a Early Holocene Tree Growth at a High Elevation Site in the Northernmost Scandes of Sweden (Lapland): A Palaeobiogeographical Case Study Based on Megafossil Evidence
264		1	\|c 1999
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520			\|a The paper focuses on early Holocene tree growth and alpine tree-limits in the northernmost Swedish Scandes (Lapland). Megafossil wood remnants in peats and lakes were searched for over a large area at elevations high above the modern tree-limits. Wood of Pinus sylvestris, Betula pubescens ssp. tortuosa and Alnus incana was discovered near the shore of a small lake (999 m a.s.l.) c. 500 m higher than today's tree-limit of Pinus sylvestris in this region. Radiocarbon dating yielded values of unprecedented age, c. 8500-810014C years BP for all three species and in addition 5400-450014C years BP for Betula and Alnus. The highest position of the Pinus tree-limit occurred during the early Holocene, which compares well with the situation reconstructed by megafossils in the southern Scandes. It now appears that the long-term tree-limit and climate histories are broadly the same in entire mid- and northern Fennoscandia. Corrected for glacio-isostatic land uplift, the tree-limit record suggests that the summers were c. 2.4°C warmer than today at 850014C years BP. A dry continental climate with substantial seasonal contrasts is likely to have prevailed during this period, which restricted the occurrence of glaciers and glacier activity. Most circumstances point to the overriding importance of the Milankovitch orbital theory for pacing or forcing the long-term postglacial climate change. The results are inconsistent with most inferences based on pollen, certain macrofossil records and general circulation simulations. These proxy environmental histories have frequently advocated a mid-Holocene thermal optimum and an oceanic and humid climate in northern and western Fennoscandia during the early Holocene. The uncovered discrepancy between the outcome of the objective and factual megafossil method and more subjective/inferential microfossil methods should be important for Quaternary plant ecology in general, stressing the usefulness of megafossil studies.
540			\|a Copyright Swedish Society for Anthropology and Geography
650		4	\|a Tree-Limit
650		4	\|a Megafossils
650		4	\|a Palaeoclimate
650		4	\|a Holocene
650		4	\|a Glacial Activity
650		4	\|a Swedish Scandes
650		4	\|a Biological sciences \|x Biology \|x Botany \|x Dendrology \|x Trees \|x Evergreen trees \|x Conifers \|x Pine trees
650		4	\|a Environmental studies \|x Atmospheric sciences \|x Climatology \|x Paleoclimatology
650		4	\|a Physical sciences \|x Chemistry \|x Chemical elements \|x Nonmetals \|x Carbon \|x Carbon isotopes \|x Radiocarbon
650		4	\|a Physical sciences \|x Earth sciences \|x Geography \|x Geomorphology \|x Topography \|x Topographical elevation
650		4	\|a Environmental studies \|x Environmental sciences \|x Climate change
650		4	\|a Physical sciences \|x Earth sciences \|x Geology \|x Geologic processes \|x Geological cycles \|x Climate cycles \|x Holocene climatic optimum
650		4	\|a Biological sciences \|x Biology \|x Botany \|x Palynology \|x Pollen
650		4	\|a Physical sciences \|x Earth sciences \|x Geology \|x Glaciology \|x Glacial landforms \|x Glacial lakes
650		4	\|a Biological sciences \|x Biology \|x Botany \|x Plant physiology \|x Plant growth \|x Tree physiology \|x Tree growth
650		4	\|a Biological sciences \|x Biology \|x Botany \|x Plant ecology \|x Vegetation
655		4	\|a research-article
773	0	8	\|i Enthalten in \|t Geografiska Annaler. Series A, Physical Geography \|d Swedish Society for Anthropology and Geography, 1965 \|g 81(1999), 1, Seite 63-74 \|w (DE-627)271597380 \|w (DE-600)1480727-0 \|x 14680459 \|7 nnns
773	1	8	\|g volume:81 \|g year:1999 \|g number:1 \|g pages:63-74
856	4	0	\|u https://www.jstor.org/stable/521406 \|3 Volltext
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952			\|d 81 \|j 1999 \|e 1 \|h 63-74