Hardwood Tree Decline following Large Carnivore Loss on the Great Plains, USA

Hardwood Tree Decline following Large Carnivore Loss on the Great Plains, USA

In order to investigate long-term food web linkages and trophic cascades, we conducted a retrospective analysis of large carnivores, wild and domestic ungulates, human settlement, and hardwood trees from the late 1800s to the present at Wind Cave National Park in southwestern South Dakota. We measur...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. - Wiley Subscription Services, Inc.. - 5(2007), 5, Seite 241-246
1. Verfasser: Ripple, William J. (VerfasserIn)
Weitere Verfasser: Beschta, Robert L.
Format: Online-Aufsatz
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: 2007
Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk:Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment
Schlagworte:Biological sciences Physical sciences Social sciences
LEADER 01000caa a22002652 4500
001 JST034913823
003 DE-627
005 20240621001833.0
007 cr uuu---uuuuu
008 150324s2007 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c
035 |a (DE-627)JST034913823 
035 |a (JST)20440648 
040 |a DE-627  |b ger  |c DE-627  |e rakwb 
041 |a eng 
100 1 |a Ripple, William J.  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
245 1 0 |a Hardwood Tree Decline following Large Carnivore Loss on the Great Plains, USA 
264 1 |c 2007 
336 |a Text  |b txt  |2 rdacontent 
337 |a Computermedien  |b c  |2 rdamedia 
338 |a Online-Ressource  |b cr  |2 rdacarrier 
520 |a In order to investigate long-term food web linkages and trophic cascades, we conducted a retrospective analysis of large carnivores, wild and domestic ungulates, human settlement, and hardwood trees from the late 1800s to the present at Wind Cave National Park in southwestern South Dakota. We measured diameters of all cottonwood (Populus spp) and bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa) trees within a large portion of the Park to assess long-term patterns of recruitment (growth of sprouts or seedlings into tall saplings or trees). Increment cores from a subset of these trees were used to determine tree age and to develop relationships between age and diameter. Resulting age structures indicated a lack of cottonwood and bur oak recruitment for more than a century, beginning in the 1880s and continuing to the present. This is attributable to high levels of browsing, initially by livestock and subsequently by wild ungulates, in the absence of large carnivores. Conversely, we found that hardwood trees had recruited to areas protected from browsing, such as inside fenced exclosures and within a small browsing refuge. Results indicate that Great Plains ecosystems may have been profoundly altered by mounting levels of ungulate herbivory following the removal of large carnivores. 
540 |a Copyright 2007 Ecological Society of America 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Biology  |x Zoology  |x Animals  |x Mammals  |x Ungulates 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Ecology  |x Ecological processes  |x Ecosystem dynamics  |x Trophic dynamics  |x Trophic levels  |x Heterotrophs  |x Carnivores 
650 4 |a Physical sciences  |x Earth sciences  |x Geography  |x Geomorphology  |x Topography  |x Lowlands  |x Plains 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Biology  |x Botany  |x Dendrology  |x Trees 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Biology  |x Zoology  |x Animals  |x Mammals  |x Canines  |x Wolves 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Biology  |x Botany  |x Plant physiology  |x Plant characteristics  |x Plant age  |x Tree age 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Biology  |x Zoology  |x Animals  |x Mammals  |x Ungulates  |x Ruminants  |x Deer  |x Elks 
650 4 |a Social sciences  |x Human geography  |x Land use  |x Public space  |x Public land  |x Parks  |x National parks 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Biology  |x Zoology  |x Animals  |x Mammals  |x Ungulates  |x Ruminants  |x Bison 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Ecology  |x Ecological processes  |x Ecosystem dynamics  |x Trophic dynamics  |x Trophic levels  |x Heterotrophs  |x Herbivores  |x Research Communications 
655 4 |a research-article 
700 1 |a Beschta, Robert L.  |e verfasserin  |4 aut 
773 0 8 |i Enthalten in  |t Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment  |d Wiley Subscription Services, Inc.  |g 5(2007), 5, Seite 241-246  |w (DE-627)394569628  |w (DE-600)2161292-4  |x 15409309  |7 nnns 
773 1 8 |g volume:5  |g year:2007  |g number:5  |g pages:241-246 
856 4 0 |u https://www.jstor.org/stable/20440648  |3 Volltext 
912 |a GBV_USEFLAG_A 
912 |a SYSFLAG_A 
912 |a GBV_JST 
912 |a GBV_ILN_11 
912 |a GBV_ILN_20 
912 |a GBV_ILN_22 
912 |a GBV_ILN_23 
912 |a GBV_ILN_24 
912 |a GBV_ILN_31 
912 |a GBV_ILN_32 
912 |a GBV_ILN_39 
912 |a GBV_ILN_40 
912 |a GBV_ILN_60 
912 |a GBV_ILN_62 
912 |a GBV_ILN_63 
912 |a GBV_ILN_65 
912 |a GBV_ILN_69 
912 |a GBV_ILN_70 
912 |a GBV_ILN_73 
912 |a GBV_ILN_74 
912 |a GBV_ILN_90 
912 |a GBV_ILN_95 
912 |a GBV_ILN_100 
912 |a GBV_ILN_101 
912 |a GBV_ILN_105 
912 |a GBV_ILN_110 
912 |a GBV_ILN_120 
912 |a GBV_ILN_138 
912 |a GBV_ILN_150 
912 |a GBV_ILN_151 
912 |a GBV_ILN_161 
912 |a GBV_ILN_170 
912 |a GBV_ILN_171 
912 |a GBV_ILN_187 
912 |a GBV_ILN_213 
912 |a GBV_ILN_224 
912 |a GBV_ILN_230 
912 |a GBV_ILN_266 
912 |a GBV_ILN_285 
912 |a GBV_ILN_293 
912 |a GBV_ILN_370 
912 |a GBV_ILN_374 
912 |a GBV_ILN_602 
912 |a GBV_ILN_636 
912 |a GBV_ILN_702 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2001 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2003 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2004 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2005 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2006 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2007 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2008 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2009 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2010 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2011 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2014 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2015 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2018 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2020 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2021 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2025 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2026 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2027 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2034 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2037 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2038 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2044 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2048 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2049 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2050 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2055 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2056 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2057 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2059 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2061 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2064 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2068 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2088 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2093 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2106 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2107 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2108 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2110 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2111 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2113 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2118 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2119 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2122 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2129 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2143 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2144 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2147 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2148 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2152 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2153 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2188 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2190 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2232 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2336 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2470 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2472 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2507 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2522 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2548 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2939 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2946 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2949 
912 |a GBV_ILN_2951 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4012 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4035 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4037 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4046 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4112 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4125 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4126 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4242 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4246 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4249 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4251 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4305 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4306 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4307 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4313 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4322 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4323 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4324 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4325 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4326 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4333 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4334 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4335 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4336 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4338 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4346 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4393 
912 |a GBV_ILN_4700 
951 |a AR 
952 |d 5  |j 2007  |e 5  |h 241-246