Effects of Edge Type and Patch Shape on Avian Communities in a Mixed Conifer-Hardwood Forest

Effects of Edge Type and Patch Shape on Avian Communities in a Mixed Conifer-Hardwood Forest

Forest bird communities were sampled along line transects in northwestern Wisconsin during June of 1985 through 1992 to determine whether edge type and patch shape affect avian abundance. Landscape structural characteristics quantified along these transects included: (1) edges that defined the habit...

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Veröffentlicht in:The Auk. - American Ornithologists’ Union. - 113(1996), 3, Seite 586-598
Weitere Verfasser: Niemi, Gerald J.
Format: Online-Aufsatz
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: 1996
Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk:The Auk
Schlagworte:Biological sciences Physical sciences
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520 |a Forest bird communities were sampled along line transects in northwestern Wisconsin during June of 1985 through 1992 to determine whether edge type and patch shape affect avian abundance. Landscape structural characteristics quantified along these transects included: (1) edges that defined the habitat patches they separated, (2) fractals to quantify patch shapes, and (3) areal extent of different patches. Three multiple-regression models were constructed for 10 bird species and the mean number of individuals and species using the following sets of independent variables: (1) edge variables and fractals, (2) area variables, and (3) the first six components from a principal components analysis based on all independent variables. Multiple-regression analysis indicated that edge variables and fractal dimension explained the most variation in abundance for Black-capped Chickadees (Parus atricapillus), Red-breasted Nuthatches (Sitta canadensis), Hermit Thrushes (Catharus guttatus), and American Robins (Turdus migratorius). In contrast, area variables explained the most variation in abundance for Red-eyed Vireos (Vireo olivaceus), Chestnut-sided Warblers (Dendroica pensylvanica), and Ovenbirds (Seiurus aurocapillus). Abundances of Yellow-bellied Flycatchers (Empidonax flaviventris), Common Yellowthroats (Geothlypis trichas), and White-throated Sparrows (Zonotrichia albicollis) were equally correlated with both edge and area variables. Results of our study show that, for selected species, forest management strategies must be developed that consider not only stand characteristics, but also the edges created between these stands. 
540 |a Copyright 1996 The American Ornithologists' Union 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Biology  |x Botany  |x Plant ecology  |x Forest ecology  |x Forest ecosystems  |x Forest habitats 
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650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Ecology  |x Population ecology  |x Synecology  |x Biocenosis  |x Plant communities  |x Forests  |x Deciduous forests 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Ecology  |x Population ecology  |x Synecology  |x Biocenosis  |x Plant communities  |x Forests  |x Coniferous forests 
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650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Biology  |x Botany  |x Dendrology  |x Shrubs 
650 4 |a Biological sciences  |x Agriculture  |x Agricultural sciences  |x Animal science  |x Animal husbandry  |x Aviculture 
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