Morphological adaptations to silk production by adult females in the pollen wasp genus Quartinia (Masarinae, Vespidae) – a keystone character for ground nesting in dry sand habitats
While many pollen wasps nest in hard clayey soil or in rigid sand or use these kinds of substrates to build aerial earthen cells, all representatives of the genus Quartinia, in which nesting behavior has been studied so far, construct their nests in habitats with loose sand. The walls of the burrow...
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