Effects of force detecting sense organs on muscle synergies are correlated with their response properties

Sense organs that monitor forces in legs can contribute to activation of muscles as synergist groups. Previous studies in cockroaches and stick insects showed that campaniform sensilla, receptors that encode forces via exoskeletal strains, enhance muscle synergies in substrate grip. However synergis...

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Veröffentlicht in:Ventricular Restraint Improves Outcomes in HF Patients with CRT. - 2011. - Amsterdam [u.a.]
1. Verfasser: Zill, Sasha N. (VerfasserIn)
Weitere Verfasser: Neff, David (BerichterstatterIn), Chaudhry, Sumaiya (BerichterstatterIn), Exter, Annelie (BerichterstatterIn), Schmitz, Josef (BerichterstatterIn), Büschges, Ansgar (BerichterstatterIn)
Format: Online-Aufsatz
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: 2017transfer abstract
Zugriff auf das übergeordnete Werk:Ventricular Restraint Improves Outcomes in HF Patients with CRT
Schlagworte:Response Campaniform Sensitivity Force Insect Synergies
Umfang:15
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520 |a Sense organs that monitor forces in legs can contribute to activation of muscles as synergist groups. Previous studies in cockroaches and stick insects showed that campaniform sensilla, receptors that encode forces via exoskeletal strains, enhance muscle synergies in substrate grip. However synergist activation was mediated by different groups of receptors in cockroaches (trochanteral sensilla) and stick insects (femoral sensilla). The factors underlying the differential effects are unclear as the responses of femoral campaniform sensilla have not previously been characterized. The present study characterized the structure and response properties (via extracellular recording) of the femoral sensilla in both insects. The cockroach trochantero-femoral (TrF) joint is mobile and the joint membrane acts as an elastic antagonist to the reductor muscle. Cockroach femoral campaniform sensilla show weak discharges to forces in the coxo-trochanteral (CTr) joint plane (in which forces are generated by coxal muscles) but instead encode forces directed posteriorly (TrF joint plane). In stick insects, the TrF joint is fused and femoral campaniform sensilla discharge both to forces directed posteriorly and forces in the CTr joint plane. These findings support the idea that receptors that enhance synergies encode forces in the plane of action of leg muscles used in support and propulsion. 
520 |a Sense organs that monitor forces in legs can contribute to activation of muscles as synergist groups. Previous studies in cockroaches and stick insects showed that campaniform sensilla, receptors that encode forces via exoskeletal strains, enhance muscle synergies in substrate grip. However synergist activation was mediated by different groups of receptors in cockroaches (trochanteral sensilla) and stick insects (femoral sensilla). The factors underlying the differential effects are unclear as the responses of femoral campaniform sensilla have not previously been characterized. The present study characterized the structure and response properties (via extracellular recording) of the femoral sensilla in both insects. The cockroach trochantero-femoral (TrF) joint is mobile and the joint membrane acts as an elastic antagonist to the reductor muscle. Cockroach femoral campaniform sensilla show weak discharges to forces in the coxo-trochanteral (CTr) joint plane (in which forces are generated by coxal muscles) but instead encode forces directed posteriorly (TrF joint plane). In stick insects, the TrF joint is fused and femoral campaniform sensilla discharge both to forces directed posteriorly and forces in the CTr joint plane. These findings support the idea that receptors that enhance synergies encode forces in the plane of action of leg muscles used in support and propulsion. 
650 7 |a Response  |2 Elsevier 
650 7 |a Campaniform  |2 Elsevier 
650 7 |a Sensitivity  |2 Elsevier 
650 7 |a Force  |2 Elsevier 
650 7 |a Insect  |2 Elsevier 
650 7 |a Synergies  |2 Elsevier 
700 1 |a Neff, David  |4 oth 
700 1 |a Chaudhry, Sumaiya  |4 oth 
700 1 |a Exter, Annelie  |4 oth 
700 1 |a Schmitz, Josef  |4 oth 
700 1 |a Büschges, Ansgar  |4 oth 
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