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|a Aufruhr!
|b zur epochenübergreifenden Beschreibung beschleunigten sozialen Wandels in Krisenzeiten
|c von Arne Hordt; Thomas Kohl; Beatrice von Lüpke; Rebekka Nöcker; Sophie Stern
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|c 2015
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|a Wie lässt sich das Verhältnis von kurzfristiger sozialer Unruhe zu langfristigen Veränderungen für die historisch arbeitenden Wissenschaften bestimmen? Der Beitrag löst mit Hilfe des Begriffs „Aufruhr“ die Analyserichtung historischen sozialen Wandels von zielgerichteten Schemata, wie z. B. Revolution, und betont demgegenüber die Eigenlogik von Verlaufsformen. Im Deutschen und in anderen Sprachen enthält das Wort „Aufruhr“ sowohl ein Wert- als auch ein Zeiturteil; es impliziert, dass eine Handlungsweise illegitim oder illegal ist. So verstanden, dient „Aufruhr“ in den Geschichts- und Sozialwissenschaften außerdem primär zur Kennzeichnung vormoderner Phänomene. Diese Konvention (re)produziert die Überzeugung von einer Alterität der Vormoderne und verstärkt zugleich die Orientierung an hergebrachten Epochengrenzen. Demgegenüber wird mit der Entwicklung des Begriffs „Aufruhr“ der Versuch unternommen, Phänomene zunächst unabhängig von epochenspezifischen Großdeutungen zu interpretieren. Dazu stellt der Artikel drei historische Beispiele von Aufruhr aus verschiedenen Epochen vor: Auf zwei Unruhen in städtischen Kontexten des hohen und späten Mittelalters folgt ein Fall aus dem industriellen Ruhrgebiet der 1920er Jahre. Auf dieser Basis erarbeitet er als heuristisches Instrumentarium fünf analytisch getrennte Merkmale von Aufruhr: Gruppencharakter und Gesellschaftsbezug, Öffentlichkeit, Gewalt, Verdichtung von Raum und Zeit sowie Komplexität und Kontingenz. Diese Eigenschaften bleiben zwar an zeitliche und räumliche Spezifika gebunden, sie gestatten aber einen vergleichenden Blick auf Aufruhr als ubiquitäres Phänomen von Gesellschaften über Zeiten und Räume hinweg. Aufruhr macht so im doppelten Sinne Geschichte, als Ereignis und als Generator für Fragen an die Vergangenheit.
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|a How can one determine the relation between brief periods of social unrest and long-term change for the disciplines working with the historical method? Using the key term „Aufruhr“ (riot/violent unrest), this article attempts to shift the focus of historical analysis away from teleological concepts, such as revolution, towards an analysis of the inherent logic (Ger. Eigenlogik) of short-term processes. The word „Aufruhr“ contains a moral as well as a temporal judgment. In German and other languages it implies that a specific course of action is illegal or illegitimate. Furthermore, in history and in the social sciences „Aufruhr“ primarily denotes pre-modern phenomena. This linguistic convention (re)produces the conviction that pre-modern periods are fundamentally different from modern periods of history and reinforces an orientation towards given models of periodization. In contrast to this, the authors try to approach those phenomena, which are later to be analyzed using the term „Aufruhr“, by describing them on an empirical level, beyond the constraints of established periodic and spatial categories. In order to achieve this, the article introduces three cases of historical riots from different periods. Two city riots in the High and Late Middle Ages are followed by an example from the industrial Ruhr valley of the 1920s. Based on these examples, the essay further develops five analytically distinct properties of „Aufruhr“ in order to make the concept applicable in heuristically inspired research. The characteristics of riots are: group character and social context, relation to the public sphere, violence, spatial and temporal contraction and finally, social complexity and contingency. Even though these characteristics remain tied to the specifics of time and place, they nevertheless allow for a comparative perspective on „Aufruhr“ as a ubiquitous phenomenon of all societies in various periods and locations. Thus, „Aufruhr“ creates history in two ways, as it happens and as social unrest generates new questions about the past.
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|a Social unrest, Terminology, Violence, Change
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|i In
|t Historische Zeitschrift
|d [Berlin] : de Gruyter Oldenbourg, 1859
|g 301(2015), 1, Seite 31-62
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