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|a (KEY)0003333220150000301000100001christenundmuslimeim9jahrhundertinitalienundspanien
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|a Christen und Muslime im 9. Jahrhundert in Italien und Spanien
|b Gewalt und Kontakt, Konzeptualisierung und Wahrnehmung
|c von Klaus Herbers
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|a Der Aufsatz zielt auf einen Vergleich des Verhältnisses zwischen Christen und Muslimen in Italien und auf der Iberischen Halbinsel im 9. Jahrhundert. Vor dem Hintergrund der wissenschaftlichen Diskurse zur Entstehung Europas, zur Frage der Beschaffenheit des Kulturkontakts (friedliches Zusammenleben gegenüber dem Zusammenstoß der Kulturen) sowie zum Gewaltpotential in den monotheistischen Religionen werden verschiedene Konstellationen untersucht. Dabei ergibt die Interpretation des italischen Materials, für das die „päpstlichen“ Quellen zentral sind, dass Konfrontationsmuster vielfach weniger religiös als staatlich geprägt waren. Auch pragmatisches Handeln durch Tribute und Schutzzahlungen sowie Konflikte mit den benachbarten Gemeinschaften wie Neapel oder Amalfi gehören in den Kontext der Auseinandersetzung. Die Lebensumstände der Christen unter muslimischer Herrschaft auf der Iberischen Halbinsel erwiesen sich andererseits durch den Blick auf Binnenstrukturen (in Abkehr von der essentialistischen Definition der „Mozaraber“) ebenso als komplexer. Die Konzeptionen in den kleinen christlichen Reichen des Nordens scheinen entscheidend gewesen zu sein, um Bilder des Mit- und Gegeneinanders auf der Iberischen Halbinsel zu prägen. Aus dem Vergleich der Begrifflichkeiten, der Binnendifferenzierungen innerhalb der christlichen Gruppen, des pragmatischen Handelns und der insgesamt nur diffusen, eher polemisch geprägten Wahrnehmung religiöser Vorstellungen der anderen Seite ergeben sich vergleichend die verschiedenen genannten Gemeinsamkeiten, aber auch Unterschiede (zum Beispiel hinsichtlich der Kreuzzugskonzeptionen). Als deren Ursache können unter anderem die Rolle des Papsttums in Italien sowie die unterschiedlichen politischen Voraussetzungen beider Räume angesehen werden.
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|a The article is directed at a comparison of the relationship between Christians and Muslims in Italy and on the Iberian Peninsula in the 9th century. Different constellations are analysed against the background of the academic discourses concerning the creation of Europe, the question of the nature of the cultural encounter (a peaceful coexistence compared to the clash of cultures) as well as the potential for violence in monotheistic religions. The interpretation of the Italicmaterial, which the „papal” sources are crucial for, reveals that the patterns of confrontation were in many cases less influenced by religion than by the state. Also pragmatic action by tribute and protection money as well as conflicts with the neighbouring communities like Naples or Amalfi should be included in confrontation. On the other hand, the living conditions of the Christians under Muslim rule on the Iberian Peninsula with regard to internal structures (in renunciation of the essentialistic definition of the „Mozarabs“) also turned out to be more complex. The conceptions in the small Christian empires of the North seemed to be decisive to shape images of the cooperation and the conflict on the Iberian Peninsula. The comparison of the notions, the internal differentiations within the Christian groups, the pragmatic action and the only vaguely, rather polemically characterized perception of religious ideas of the others results in several similarities but also differences mentioned above (for example concerning conceptions of the crusades). Both the role of the papacy in Italy and the different political conditions of both spaces can be regarded – among others – as their reason.
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|a Iberian Peninsula, Coexistence, Clash of Cultures, Violence, Contact, Italy
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|i In
|t Historische Zeitschrift
|d [Berlin] : de Gruyter Oldenbourg, 1859
|g 301(2015), 1, Seite 1-30
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