Environmental Change and Human Security in Africa and the Middle East

Environmental Change and Human Security in Africa and the Middle East

About the Publishing Institution -- Preface -- References -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- List of Abbreviations and Acronyms -- List of Box -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- About the Editors and Contributors -- Editors -- Contributors -- Part I: Global Environmental Change as a Human Secur...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Bibliographische Detailangaben
1. Verfasser: Behnassi, Mohamed 1972- (VerfasserIn)
Weitere Verfasser: McGlade, Katriona (BerichterstatterIn)
Format: E-Book
Sprache:English
Veröffentlicht: Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017
Schlagworte:Climatic changes Human security Electronic books
Umfang:1 Online-Ressource (353 pages)
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520 |a About the Publishing Institution -- Preface -- References -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- List of Abbreviations and Acronyms -- List of Box -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- About the Editors and Contributors -- Editors -- Contributors -- Part I: Global Environmental Change as a Human Security Issue -- Chapter 1: Climate Security as a Framework for Climate Policy and Governance -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Climate Change Impacts and Security Implications -- 2.1 Implications for Economic Growth -- 2.2 Implications for Human Security -- 2.2.1 Implications for Food Security -- 2.2.2 Implications for Health Security -- 2.2.3 Climate Change, Migration and Population Displacement -- 2.3 Geopolitical Implications of Climate Change -- 3 How Far Are the Security Implications of Climate Change Currently Managed? -- 4 Climate Security as a Framework for Climate Change Policy and Governance -- 4.1 Securitization: Framing Climate Change as a Security Issue -- 4.2 The Advantages of the 'Climate Security' Concept -- 4.3 Delivering Climate Security: Some Recommendations -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2: Global Environmental Change and the Crisis of Dominant Development Models: A Human Security-Centered Analysis -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Interlinkages Between the Environmental Crisis and Dominant Economic Models -- 1.2 Growing Inequality and Long Term Economic Costs as a Consequence -- 2 Dominant Development Paths and Global Environmental Change -- 2.1 The Triumph of Science-Based Approach: What Next? -- 2.2 Policy Action: Triggers and Limits -- 3 Alternative Paradigms and Pathways -- 3.1 Sustainable Development -- 3.2 Green Economy -- 4 Towards a Human Security-Centered Approach -- 4.1 Environmental Security as a Catalyst for Human Security -- 4.2 Human Security Heavily Threatened by GEC -- 4.3 Human Security Approach to Tackle GEC -- 5 Conclusion 
520 |a References -- Chapter 3: Is Human Security a Relevant Concept in the Context of Climate Change Adaptation Policies? -- 1 Introduction1 -- 2 The Relationship Between Human Security and Climate Change Adaptation Policy -- 3 The Use of the Human Security Concept -- 4 The Use of Human Security in Policy-Making in the MMES Region -- 4.1 International Level - United Nations -- 4.2 International Level - European Union -- 4.3 National Level -- 4.4 Conclusions on the Use of the Human Security Concept in Policy-Making -- 5 Discussion -- References -- Part II: Impacts of Environmental Change and Implications for Human Security: Case Study Examples -- Chapter 4: Climate Change Impacts on Water Availability and Human Security in the Intercontinental Biosphere Reserve of the Mediterranean (Morocco-Spain) -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Study Area -- 3 Materials and Methods -- 3.1 Climate Change Scenarios -- 3.2 Hydro-ecological Assessment -- 3.3 Socio-economic Assessment -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Hydrological and Climate Impacts -- 4.2 Impacts on Rural Population -- 4.3 Impacts on Touristic Sector -- 4.4 Impacts on Natural Systems -- 4.5 Adaptive Capacity and Vulnerabilities -- 5 Discussion -- References -- Chapter 5: Impact Assessment of Environmental Change in Nuba Mountains of Sudan -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Study Site -- 3 Research Methods -- 3.1 Remotely Sensed Data -- 3.1.1 Image Registration -- 3.1.2 Supervised Classification -- 3.1.3 Change Detection -- 3.2 Socioeconomic Data -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 4.1 Investigating the Factors -- 4.1.1 Climatic Impacts -- LU/LC Dynamics -- 4.1.2 Human Impacts -- Misuse of the Land by Expansion of Agricultural Land and Overgrazing -- Conflicts -- Extreme Poverty -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 6: Global Environmental Change as a Human Security Threat: Situation in Nigeria -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Situation in Nigeria 
520 |a 2.1 Drought and Desertification -- 2.2 Deforestation -- 2.3 Increasing Temperature and Rainfall -- 2.4 Occurrence of Extreme Weather Events -- 3 Implications of the Situation for Human Security -- 4 What the Country Should Do to Salvage the Situation? -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7: Eco-Adaptation Strategies of Health to Climate Change: Case of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis(ZCL) as Vulnerability Indicatorin Pre-Saharan Region of Morocco -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materiel and Methods -- 2.1 Study Area -- 2.2 Epidemiology of Leishmaniasis -- 2.3 Concept and Use of Vulnerability in Leishmaniasis Context -- 2.4 Data Processing -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: Anticipating Emerging Risks and Vulnerabilities from Sea Level Rise Induced Preventive Resettlement in Greater Alexandria, Egypt -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Conceptual Framework -- 2.1 Generic Socio-ecologic and Spatial Framework (1) -- 2.2 SLR Scenario Affecting a Terrestrial System (2) -- 2.3 Vulnerability Context of Future Resettlement (3) -- 2.3.1 Exposure to SLR - Trends and Exposed Social Groups (3a) -- 2.3.2 Resettlement Assets (3b) -- 2.3.3 Asset Focused Resettlement Preferences and Needs of Social Groups (3c) -- 2.3.4 Asset Focused Place Based Framework Conditions and Trends (3d) -- 2.4 Resettlement Outcomes (4) - Displacement, Livelihood Deprivation, or Sustainable Resettlement (5)? -- 3 Methods -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Generic Socio-ecological and Spatial Context of Egypt (1) -- 4.2 Sea Level Rise and Affected Terrestrial System (2) -- 4.3 Vulnerability to Unemployment and Homelessness in the Context of Future Resettlement (3) -- 4.3.1 Exposure Trends to Sea-Level Rise and Exposed Social Groups -- 4.3.2 Vulnerability to Unemployment -- 4.3.3 Vulnerability to Homelessness -- 4.4 Resettlement Outcomes (4) 
520 |a 4.4.1 Anticipated Resettlement Challenges to Ensure Employment and Housing Security (4a) -- 4.4.2 Anticipated Capacity to Meet Challenges and Resettlement Outcomes (4, 4b, 5) -- 5 Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 9: Consumption, Climate Change and Human Security: Targeting Consumer Groups for the Mitigation of Climate Change in India -- 1 Introduction and Objectives -- 2 Changes Over Time -- 2.1 Energy for Cooking or Lighting -- 2.2 Durables and Dwelling Units -- 3 Rural Urban Differentials -- 3.1 Energy for Cooking and Lighting: Rural Urban Differentials -- 3.2 Durables and Dwelling Units: Rural Urban Differentials -- 4 Class Differences -- 4.1 Energy for Cooking and Lighting: Class Differences -- 4.2 Durables and Dwelling Units: Class Differences -- 5 Summary and Concluding Comments -- References -- Chapter 10: A New Era for Energy: The Nightmare Gulf Scenario and Its Implications for Human and Environmental Security -- 1 The Impact of Oil and Gas on the GCC Region -- 2 The Quest for Renewable Sources of Energy -- 2.1 UAE -- 2.2 Saudi Arabia -- 2.3 Qatar -- 2.4 The Nuclear Option -- 3 Shale Energy and a New Environmental Debate -- 4 Implications for the Future -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Part III: Regional Focus on Water Security -- Chapter 11: Water Resources, Food Security and the Role of Virtual Water Trade in the MENA Region -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Water Resource Problems in the Middle East and North African Region -- 3 Drivers of Water Demand in the MENA Region -- 4 Virtual Water Trade -- 4.1 Virtual Water Trade: Methodology and Data Sources -- 5 Water Security and Virtual Water Trade in the MENA Region -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 12: Managing Water Crisis in the North African Region: With Particular Reference To Jijel Region -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Overview of Water Resources -- 3 Water Use in the Region 
520 |a 4 Features of the Water Crisis -- 4.1 Scarcity -- 4.2 Salinity -- 4.3 Pollution -- 4.4 Dam Sedimentation -- 5 Effects of the Water Crisis -- 6 Water Management in Jijel Region -- 6.1 Surface Water -- 6.2 Groundwater -- 6.3 Water Dams in the Region -- 6.4 Managing Water Supply in the Region -- 6.4.1 Municipal Water Management -- 6.4.2 Public Water Management -- 6.5 Water Pollution in the Region -- 7 What Can Be Done to Avert the Water Crisis? -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 13: Turkey's Water Policy in the Euphrates- Tigris Basin -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Historical Background -- 3 Water and the Rapprochement Between Syria-Turkey-Iraq -- 4 Water and Syria's Civil War -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Part IV: Critical Perspectives and Approaches for Addressing the Impacts of Environmental Change on Human Security -- Chapter 14: Human Relationship to the Land from a Legal Perspective as a Human and Environmental Security Challenge -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Man-Nature Relations -- 2.1 Socio-ecological Viability -- 2.2 The Anthropo-Legal Dimension of an Approach to Law -- 3 Property Law: The Absolute Freedom of Individuals on Items, a Market Logic -- 3.1 The Acquisition of Funds: Inserting Property Through Possession -- 3.1.1 Roman Property: Quiritarium (Entirely) and Publicus (Concession) -- 3.1.2 Feudal Property: Allod, Beneficiary, and Fiefdom (Between Freedom and Souverainty) -- 3.1.3 Property Unity Through Exclusivity and Individualism -- 3.2 Substitution and Integration: Purge and Recognition of Endogenous Rights or How to Create Property Where It Does Not Exist -- 4 Recognition of a "Legal Endogeneity" -- 4.1 Recognition of the Rights of Natives in the International Law -- 4.2 Recognizing Natives' Rights Within National Law -- 5 Utility Rights: A Territorial Logic -- 5.1 The Paradigm of Utility -- 5.2 From Utility to Resource 
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